如何在Python(给定perl脚本)中用ASCII字符替换unicode字符? [英] How to replace unicode characters by ascii characters in Python (perl script given)?

问题描述

我正在尝试学习python，却不知道如何将以下perl脚本转换为python:

I am trying to learn python and couldn't figure out how to translate the following perl script to python:

#!/usr/bin/perl -w                     

use open qw(:std :utf8);

while(<>) {
  s/\x{00E4}/ae/;
  s/\x{00F6}/oe/;
  s/\x{00FC}/ue/;
  print;
}

该脚本仅将Unicode变音符更改为替代的ascii输出. (所以完整的输出是ascii.)对于任何提示，我将不胜感激.谢谢！

The script just changes unicode umlauts to alternative ascii output. (So the complete output is in ascii.) I would be grateful for any hints. Thanks!

推荐答案

• 使用 fileinput 模块循环遍历标准输入或文件列表，
• 将您从UTF-8读取的行解码为unicode对象
• 然后使用 translate 方法
• Use the fileinput module to loop over standard input or a list of files,
• decode the lines you read from UTF-8 to unicode objects
• then map any unicode characters you desire with the translate method

translit.py看起来像这样:

#!/usr/bin/env python2.6
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import fileinput

table = {
          0xe4: u'ae',
          ord(u'ö'): u'oe',
          ord(u'ü'): u'ue',
          ord(u'ß'): None,
        }

for line in fileinput.input():
    s = line.decode('utf8')
    print s.translate(table), 

您可以这样使用它:

$ cat utf8.txt 
sömé täßt
sömé täßt
sömé täßt

$ ./translit.py utf8.txt 
soemé taet
soemé taet
soemé taet

• 更新:

如果您使用的是python 3字符串，则默认情况下是unicode，并且如果它包含非ASCII字符甚至是非拉丁字符，则不需要对其进行编码.因此，解决方案如下所示:

In case you are using python 3 strings are by default unicode and you dont' need to encode it if it contains non-ASCII characters or even a non-Latin characters. So the solution will look as follow:

line = 'Verhältnismäßigkeit, Möglichkeit'

table = {
         ord('ä'): 'ae',
         ord('ö'): 'oe',
         ord('ü'): 'ue',
         ord('ß'): 'ss',
       }

line.translate(table)

>>> 'Verhaeltnismaessigkeit, Moeglichkeit'

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