Python中泡菜的常见用例 [英] Common use-cases for pickle in Python

问题描述

我查看了 pickle 文档，但我没有了解泡菜在哪里有用.

I've looked at the pickle documentation, but I don't understand where pickle is useful.

泡菜有哪些常见用例?

推荐答案

我遇到的一些用法:

1)将程序的状态数据保存到磁盘上，以便它在重新启动时可以在中断的地方继续工作(持久性)

1) saving a program's state data to disk so that it can carry on where it left off when restarted (persistence)

2)在多核或分布式系统中通过TCP连接发送python数据(编组)

2) sending python data over a TCP connection in a multi-core or distributed system (marshalling)

3)将python对象存储在数据库中

3) storing python objects in a database

4)将任意python对象转换为字符串，以便可以将其用作字典键(例如，用于缓存和备忘录).

4) converting an arbitrary python object to a string so that it can be used as a dictionary key (e.g. for caching & memoization).

最后一个存在一些问题-两个相同的对象可以被腌制并导致不同的字符串-甚至相同的对象两次被腌制也可以具有不同的表示形式.这是因为泡菜可以包含参考计数信息.

There are some issues with the last one - two identical objects can be pickled and result in different strings - or even the same object pickled twice can have different representations. This is because the pickle can include reference count information.

为了强调@lunaryorn的评论-切勿从不可信的来源中提取字符串，因为精心制作的pickle可以在系统上执行任意代码.例如，请参见 https://blog.nelhage.com/2011/03/exploiting-pickle /

To emphasise @lunaryorn's comment - you should never unpickle a string from an untrusted source, since a carefully crafted pickle could execute arbitrary code on your system. For example see https://blog.nelhage.com/2011/03/exploiting-pickle/

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