Python3找不到pip3安装的模块 [英] Python3 does not find modules installed by pip3

问题描述

我在使用python3时遇到问题.由于某些原因，我无法弄清楚，python3中可用的模块与通过pip3安装的模块不同.

I'm having problems with python3. For some reason that I cannot figure out, the modules available in python3 are not the same as the ones installed via pip3.

在终端中运行pip3 list会返回:

DEPRECATION: The default format will switch to columns in the future. You can use --format=(legacy|columns) (or define a format=(legacy|columns) in your pip.conf under the [list] section) to disable this warning.
nltk (3.2.2)
numpy (1.12.0)
pandas (0.19.2)
pip (9.0.1)
python-dateutil (2.6.0)
pytz (2016.10)
setuptools (25.2.0)
six (1.10.0)
wheel (0.29.0)

运行此脚本，以查看python3有哪些模块可用的返回值:

Running this script to see what modules python3 has available returns:

 ['cycler==0.10.0', 'matplotlib==1.5.3', 'nltk==3.2.1', 'numpy==1.11.2', 'pip==9.0.1', 'pyparsing==2.1.10', 'python-dateutil==2.6.0', 'pytz==2016.7', 'setuptools==18.2', 'six==1.10.0']

这两个不一样，我不知道为什么.例如，nltk具有较旧的版本. pandas丢失.

These two are not the same and I can't tell why. nltk, for example, has an older version. pandas is missing.

我已经通过自制软件安装了python，并且正在通过Textmate2运行脚本.但是，当我通过python3在终端中运行代码时，我遇到了同样的问题. pip3和python3都安装在/usr/local/bin/中:

I've installed python via homebrew and I'm running scripts via Textmate2. However, I have the same problem when I run code in terminal, via python3. Both pip3 and python3 are installed in /usr/local/bin/:

$ which python3 pip3
/usr/local/bin/python3
/usr/local/bin/pip3

这也是python3使用的版本:

And that's also the version python3 is using:

>>> import sys, os
>>> os.path.dirname(sys.executable)
'/usr/local/bin'

如果有人可以帮助我弄清楚为什么会这样，以及如何解决这个问题，我将非常感谢您的帮助.

If someone could help me figure out why this is the case, and how I can fix it, I would very much appreciate the help.

推荐答案

查看pip3脚本的第一行.

第一行(以#!开头)应指向与python 3的符号链接相同的可执行文件.

The first line (starting with #! should point to the same executable as the symbolic link for python 3:

> head -n 1 /usr/local/bin/pip
#!/usr/local/bin/python3.6

> ls -ld /usr/local/bin/python3
lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  9 Dec 25 22:37 /usr/local/bin/python3@ -> python3.6

如果不是这种情况，请卸载pip并使用正确的Python版本再次安装.

If this is not the case, deinstall pip and install it again with the correct Python version.

编辑:

如果您确实要确保您在pip上使用了正确的Python，则可以将其作为这样的模块调用:

If you really want to make sure that you're using the the right Python with pip, then call it as a module like this:

python3.7 -m pip list

如果收到错误No module named pip，则说明该版本的python未安装pip.

If you get the error No module named pip, then pip is not installed for this version of python.

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