在R中绘制3D数据 [英] Plot 3D data in R

问题描述

我有一个3D数据集:

data = data.frame(
    x = rep( c(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5), each=5),
    y = rep( c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), 5)
)

data$z = runif(
    25,
    min = (data$x*data$y - 0.1 * (data$x*data$y)),
    max = (data$x*data$y + 0.1 * (data$x*data$y))
)

data
str(data)

我想绘制它，但是R alwyas的内置函数给出了错误

And I want to plot it, but the built-in-functions of R alwyas give the error

期望增加"x"和"y"值

increasing 'x' and 'y' values expected

# ### 3D Plots ######################################################
# built-in function always give the error
#    "increasing 'x' and 'y' values expected"
demo(image)
image(x = data$x, y = data$y, z = data$z)

demo(persp)
persp(data$x,data$y,data$z)

contour(data$x,data$y,data$z)

当我在互联网上搜索时，我发现X和Y值的组合不唯一时会出现此消息.但是在这里，它们是独一无二的.

When I searched on the internet, I found that this message happens when combinations of X and Y values are not unique. But here they are unique.

我尝试了其他一些库，并且在那里工作没有问题.但是我不喜欢情节的默认样式(内置函数应该可以满足我的期望).

I tried some other libraries and there it works without problems. But I don't like the default style of the plots (the built-in functions should fulfill my expectations).

# ### 3D Scatterplot ######################################################
# Nice plots without surface maps?
install.packages("scatterplot3d", dependencies = TRUE)
library(scatterplot3d)
scatterplot3d(x = data$x, y = data$y, z = data$z)

# ### 3D Scatterplot ######################################################
# Only to play around?
install.packages("rgl", dependencies = TRUE)
library(rgl)
plot3d(x = data$x, y = data$y, z = data$z)
lines3d(x = data$x, y = data$y, z = data$z)
surface3d(x = data$x, y = data$y, z = data$z)

为什么内置函数不接受我的数据集?

Why are my datasets not accepted by the built-in functions?

推荐答案

如果使用的是真实"数据，则不能保证其网格间隔和序列增加或唯一(希望(x,y,z)组合是至少是唯一的，即使这些三元组是重复的)，我还是建议akima包用于从不规则网格插值到规则网格.

If you're working with "real" data for which the grid intervals and sequence cannot be guaranteed to be increasing or unique (hopefully the (x,y,z) combinations are unique at least, even if these triples are duplicated), I would recommend the akima package for interpolating from an irregular grid to a regular one.

使用data的定义:

library(akima)
im <- with(data,interp(x,y,z))
with(im,image(x,y,z))

这不仅应与image一起使用，而且还应与类似功能一起使用.

And this should work not only with image but similar functions as well.

请注意，akima::interp将数据映射到的默认网格是由40个相等的间隔定义的，这些间隔跨越x和y值的范围:

Note that the default grid to which your data is mapped to by akima::interp is defined by 40 equal intervals spanning the range of x and y values:

> formals(akima::interp)[c("xo","yo")]
$xo
seq(min(x), max(x), length = 40)

$yo
seq(min(y), max(y), length = 40)

但是，当然可以通过将参数xo和yo传递给akima::interp来覆盖它.

But of course, this can be overridden by passing arguments xo and yo to akima::interp.

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