蟒蛇:绘制线框3D长方体 [英] python : plotting a wireframe 3D cuboid
问题描述
我想在python中绘制3d长方体.
I want to plot 3d cuboid in python.
输入: 中心(中心为3分) 半径(3个半径值,每个尺寸一个)
Input : center (3 points for the center) radius (3 radius values, one for each dimension)
理想情况下,它应该是线框图(我需要查看里面的内容).我不确定如何执行此操作.使用python matplotlib或Mayavi很好.
Ideally it should be a wireframe plot(I need to see whats inside).I am not exactly sure how to go about this. Using python matplotlib or Mayavi is fine.
谢谢!
到目前为止,我已经尝试了以下代码..但这仅绘制了一个立方体
So far I have tried the following code ..but that only draws a cube
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from itertools import product, combinations
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_aspect("equal")
#draw cube
r = [-1, 1]
for s, e in combinations(np.array(list(product(r,r,r))), 2):
if np.sum(np.abs(s-e)) == r[1]-r[0]:
ax.plot3D(*zip(s,e), color="b")
plt.show()
此代码中缺少的是它仅是一个立方体(不是长方体),并且仅以0为中心(我实际上想提供中心)
Whats missing in this code is that its only a cube(not a cuboid) and it's only centered around 0 (I actually want to provide the center)
经过一番思考后,我想到了这一点.这似乎是正确的.让我知道您是否认为它不正确...这是不安装myavi,pygame,povray的最简单方法(我很难在ipython,conda和我的Windows笔记本电脑上安装它们)
After thinking a little bit I came up with this.Which seems right. Let me know if you think its not correct...this is the simplest possible way without installing myavi,pygame, povray (I had a hard time installing these on ipython, conda,my windows laptop)
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from itertools import product, combinations
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_aspect("equal")
#draw cube
r1 = [-1, 1]
r2 = [-2, 2]
r3 = [-3, 3]
center =[5,5,5]
for s, e in combinations(np.array(list(product(r1,r2,r3))), 2):
s=np.array(center)+np.array(s)
e=np.array(center)+np.array(e)
ax.scatter3D(*center, color="r")
if np.linalg.norm(s-e) == 2*r1[1] or np.linalg.norm(s-e) == 2*r2[1] or np.linalg.norm(s-e) == 2*r3[1]:
print zip(s,e)
ax.plot3D(*zip(s,e), color="b")
plt.show()
推荐答案
这是一个长方体的线框图.
Here is a wireframe plot for a cuboid.
def plot_cuboid(center, size):
"""
Create a data array for cuboid plotting.
============= ================================================
Argument Description
============= ================================================
center center of the cuboid, triple
size size of the cuboid, triple, (x_length,y_width,z_height)
:type size: tuple, numpy.array, list
:param size: size of the cuboid, triple, (x_length,y_width,z_height)
:type center: tuple, numpy.array, list
:param center: center of the cuboid, triple, (x,y,z)
"""
# suppose axis direction: x: to left; y: to inside; z: to upper
# get the (left, outside, bottom) point
import numpy as np
ox, oy, oz = center
l, w, h = size
x = np.linspace(ox-l/2,ox+l/2,num=10)
y = np.linspace(oy-w/2,oy+w/2,num=10)
z = np.linspace(oz-h/2,oz+h/2,num=10)
x1, z1 = np.meshgrid(x, z)
y11 = np.ones_like(x1)*(oy-w/2)
y12 = np.ones_like(x1)*(oy+w/2)
x2, y2 = np.meshgrid(x, y)
z21 = np.ones_like(x2)*(oz-h/2)
z22 = np.ones_like(x2)*(oz+h/2)
y3, z3 = np.meshgrid(y, z)
x31 = np.ones_like(y3)*(ox-l/2)
x32 = np.ones_like(y3)*(ox+l/2)
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
# outside surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x1, y11, z1, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
# inside surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x1, y12, z1, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
# bottom surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x2, y2, z21, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
# upper surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x2, y2, z22, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
# left surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x31, y3, z3, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
# right surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x32, y3, z3, color='b', rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6)
ax.set_xlabel('X')
ax.set_xlim(-100, 100)
ax.set_ylabel('Y')
ax.set_ylim(-100, 100)
ax.set_zlabel('Z')
ax.set_zlim(-100, 100)
plt.show()
def test():
center = [0, 0, 0]
length = 32 * 2
width = 50 * 2
height = 100 * 2
plot_cuboid(center, (length, width, height))
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
这是结果. 绘制长方体
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