如何在python中将3D函数绘制为2D颜色图? [英] How to plot 3D function as 2D colormap in python?

问题描述

是否有任何python库可让我绘制z = f(x，y)，其中z表示为密集光栅化图像中的颜色(与一堆散点图的颜色相反)?如果是这样，我应该使用什么功能?

Are there any python libraries that will let me plot z = f(x,y) where z is represented as the color in a densely rasterized image (as opposed to the color of a bunch of scatterplot points) ? If so, what function do I use?

看起来matplotlib.pyplot中的某些轮廓函数接近我想要的轮廓，但是它们绘制轮廓线，而我不希望那样.

It looks like some of the contour functions in matplotlib.pyplot come close to what I want, but they draw contour lines and I don't want that.

推荐答案

这是一个具体的简单示例(也适用于不能接受x和y的矩阵参数的函数):

here's a concrete simple example (works also for functions which can't take matrix arguments for x and y):

# the function to be plotted
def func(x,y):    
    # gives vertical color bars if x is horizontal axis
    return x

import pylab

# define the grid over which the function should be plotted (xx and yy are matrices)
xx, yy = pylab.meshgrid(
    pylab.linspace(-3,3, 101),
    pylab.linspace(-3,3, 111))

# indexing of xx and yy (with the default value for the
# 'indexing' parameter of meshgrid(..) ) is as follows:
#
#   first index  (row index)    is y coordinate index
#   second index (column index) is x coordinate index
#
# as required by pcolor(..)

# fill a matrix with the function values
zz = pylab.zeros(xx.shape)
for i in range(xx.shape[0]):
    for j in range(xx.shape[1]):
        zz[i,j] = func(xx[i,j], yy[i,j])

# plot the calculated function values
pylab.pcolor(xx,yy,zz)

# and a color bar to show the correspondence between function value and color
pylab.colorbar()

pylab.show() 

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