PLpgSQL函数在给定表中查找仅具有NULL值的列 [英] PLpgSQL function to find columns with only NULL values in a given table
问题描述
我们必须找到只有NULL值的表的列.我们正在尝试构建一个plpgsql函数,该函数采用表的名称并返回此类列的列表.
We have to find columns of a table with only NULL values. We are trying to build a plpgsql function that takes a table's name and returns the list of such columns.
如何创建这样的功能?
我们正在使用PgAdmin 1.16.
We are using PgAdmin 1.16.
推荐答案
You can query the catalog table pg_attribute
to get a list of columns which are not defined NOT NULL
and therefore can hold NULL
values:
SELECT quote_ident(attname) AS column_can_be_null
FROM pg_attribute
WHERE attrelid = 'tbl'::regclass -- valid, visible table name
AND attnum >= 1 -- exclude tableoid & friends
AND NOT attisdropped -- exclude dropped columns
AND NOT attnotnull -- exclude columns defined NOT NULL!
ORDER BY attnum;
tbl
是您的表名(可选为模式限定).
Where tbl
is your (optionally schema-qualified) table name.
没有说该列中有任何实际的NULL值.您必须测试每列.像这样:
Doesn't say there are any actual NULL values in the column. You'd have to test each column. Like this:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_all_null_columns_of_tbl(_tbl regclass)
RETURNS SETOF text AS
$func$
DECLARE
_row_ct bigint; -- count rows in table $1
_sql text; -- SQL string to test for NULL values
_cols text[]; -- array of candidate column names
_nulls bool[]; -- array of test results
BEGIN
EXECUTE 'SELECT count(*) FROM ' || _tbl
INTO _row_ct;
IF _row_ct = 0 THEN
RAISE EXCEPTION 'Table % has no rows!', _tbl; -- pointless for empty table
ELSE
RAISE NOTICE '% rows in table %.', _row_ct, _tbl;
END IF;
SELECT INTO _sql, _cols
'SELECT ARRAY[' || string_agg('bool_and(' || col || ' IS NULL)', ', ')
|| '] FROM ' || _tbl
, array_agg(col)
FROM (
SELECT quote_ident(attname) AS col
FROM pg_attribute
WHERE attrelid = _tbl -- valid, visible table name
AND attnum >= 1 -- exclude tableoid & friends
AND NOT attisdropped -- exclude dropped columns
AND NOT attnotnull -- exclude columns defined NOT NULL!
ORDER BY attnum
) sub;
EXECUTE _sql INTO _nulls;
FOR i IN 1 .. array_upper(_cols, 1)
LOOP
IF _nulls[i] THEN -- column is NULL in all rows
RETURN NEXT _cols[i];
END IF;
END LOOP;
RETURN;
END
$func$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
致电:
SELECT f_all_null_columns_of_tbl('my_schema.my_table');
已通过Postgres 9.1和9.3测试.
这使用了许多高级的plpgsql功能.
Tested with Postgres 9.1 and 9.3.
This uses a number of advanced plpgsql features.
使用现代语法构建并执行SQL代码的相关答案:
Related answer building SQL code and executing it, with modern syntax:
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