需要帮助以在VBA中使用post方法发布多部分表单数据 [英] Need help to post multipart form data using the post method in VBA
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问题描述
我正在尝试使用API更新在线数据库.
I am trying to use an API to update an online database.
该API由法国站点托管，用法详细信息很少，没有示例.
The API is hosted by a french site and the usage details are slim with no examples.
这是他们提供的信息
The query must be sent as a "multipart / form-data" html form using the "POST" method.
Input parameters:
ssid : (type "text") user's ScreenScraper identifier
sspassword : (type "text") ScreenScraper password of the user
gameid : (type "text") numerical identifier of the game on ScreenScraper
or
romid ( "text") numeric ID of the Roma on ScreenScraper
to propose a textual info:
modiftypeinfo ( "text") type of information sent (see list "modiftypeinfo")
modifregion ( "text"
<html>
<head>
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<META http-equiv="content-language" content="fr">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form name="myform" id="myform" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="https://www.screenscraper.fr/api/botProposition.php?ssid=xxx&sspassword=yyy">
<input type="text" name="gameid" value="3">
<input type="text" name="modiftypeinfo" value="description">
<input type="text" name="modifregion" value="">
<input type="text" name="modiflangue" value="fr">
<input type="text" name="modifversion" value="">
<input type="text" name="modiftexte" value="ici, le synopsis du jeu ! ne pas valider, c'est un test ;)">
<input type="text" name="modifsource" value="botProposition / source de l'info">
<input type="submit" value="envoyer">
</form>
<script>
document.getElementById("myform").submit();
</script>
</body>
</html>
这是我编写的代码:
Sub Post_Detail()
Dim xmlhttp As Object, response As String, SendString As String
Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP.6.0")
'~~> Indicates that page that will receive the request and the type of request being submitted
xmlhttp.Open "POST", "https://www.screenscraper.fr/api/botProposition.php?ssid=xxx&sspassword=yyy", False
'~~> Indicate that the body of the request contains form data
xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "enctype", "multipart/form-data"
'~~> Send the data as name/value pairs
SendString = "&type=text&name=gameid&value=185882"
SendString = SendString & "&type=text&name=modiftypeinfo&value=genres"
SendString = SendString & "&type=text&name=modiftexte&value=Sports"
SendString = SendString & "&type=submit&value=envoyer"
Debug.Print SendString
xmlhttp.send SendString
response = xmlhttp.responseText
MsgBox response
Set xmlhttp = Nothing
End Sub
我不确定要如何处理这部分内容:form name="myform" id="myform"，而且我不确定通过构建字符串的请求是否在正确的地方.
I am not sure what to do with this part: form name="myform" id="myform" in the instructions and I am not sure if my request via building a string is even anywhere near correct.
如果没有登录将无法运行，它将返回密码无效错误.
You won't be able to run without a login, it will return a password invalid error.
推荐答案
The structure of multipart/form-data is described in RFC7578. There is a sample:
POST /form.html HTTP/1.1
Host: server.com
Referer: http://server.com/form.html
User-Agent: Mozilla
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=-------------573cf973d5228
Content-Length: 288
Connection: keep-alive
Keep-Alive: 300
---------------573cf973d5228
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="field"
text
---------------573cf973d5228
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="sample.txt"
Content-Type: text/plain
Content file
---------------573cf973d5228--
尝试下面的代码制作POST XHR:
Try the below code to make POST XHR:
Sub POST_multipart_form_data()
Dim oFields As Object
Dim sBoundary As String
Dim sPayLoad As String
Dim sName As Variant
Set oFields = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
With oFields
.Add "gameid", "3"
.Add "modiftypeinfo", "description"
.Add "modifregion", ""
.Add "modiflangue", "fr"
.Add "modifversion", ""
.Add "modiftexte", "ici, le synopsis du jeu ! ne pas valider, c'est un test ;)"
.Add "modifsource", "botProposition / source de l'info"
End With
sBoundary = String(6, "-") & Replace(Mid(CreateObject("Scriptlet.TypeLib").GUID, 2, 36), "-", "")
sPayLoad = ""
For Each sName In oFields
sPayLoad = sPayLoad & "--" & sBoundary & vbCrLf
sPayLoad = sPayLoad & "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=""" & sName & """" & vbCrLf & vbCrLf
sPayLoad = sPayLoad & oFields(sName) & vbCrLf
Next
sPayLoad = sPayLoad & "--" & sBoundary & "--"
With CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP")
.Open "POST", "https://www.screenscraper.fr/api/botProposition.php?ssid=xxx&sspassword=yyy", False
.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" & sBoundary
.setRequestHeader "Content-Length", LenB(sPayLoad)
.send (sPayLoad)
MsgBox .responseText ' Erreur de login : Verifier vos identifiants !
End With
End Sub
因此，代码生成的有效载荷数据如下:
So the payload data generated by the code is as follows:
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="gameid"
3
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modiftypeinfo"
description
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modifregion"
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modiflangue"
fr
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modifversion"
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modiftexte"
ici, le synopsis du jeu ! ne pas valider, c'est un test ;)
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="modifsource"
botProposition / source de l'info
--------CFE02291483D4B3EB3B1A92257838D94--
请注意，每个部分的可选"Content-Type"头字段默认为文本/纯文本".正如您在评论中看到的那样，登录错误对我有响应:
Note that optional "Content-Type" header field for each part defaults to "text/plain". As you can see in comment there is login error in response for me:
登录错误:验证者有身份！
Erreur de login : Verifier vos identifiants !
我唯一不明白的是为什么他们将提交内容指定为multipart/form-data?即使没有附件！使用以下代码以application/x-www-form-urlencoded的形式发送数据要容易得多:
The only thing I can't get is why they specified the submission as a multipart/form-data? Even there are no files attached! It's much more easier to send the data as application/x-www-form-urlencoded using the following code:
Sub POST_application_x_www_form_urlencoded()
Dim oFields As Object
Dim sPayLoad As String
Dim sName As Variant
Set oFields = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
With oFields
.Add "gameid", "3"
.Add "modiftypeinfo", "description"
.Add "modifregion", ""
.Add "modiflangue", "fr"
.Add "modifversion", ""
.Add "modiftexte", "ici, le synopsis du jeu ! ne pas valider, c'est un test ;)"
.Add "modifsource", "botProposition / source de l'info"
End With
For Each sName In oFields
oFields(sName) = sName & "=" & EncodeUriComponent(oFields(sName))
Next
sPayLoad = Join(oFields.Items(), "&")
With CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP")
.Open "POST", "https://www.screenscraper.fr/api/botProposition.php?ssid=xxx&sspassword=yyy", False
.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
.setRequestHeader "Content-Length", LenB(sPayLoad)
.send (sPayLoad)
MsgBox .responseText ' Erreur de login : Verifier vos identifiants !
End With
End Sub
Function EncodeUriComponent(sText As String) As String
Static oHtmlfile As Object
If oHtmlfile Is Nothing Then
Set oHtmlfile = CreateObject("htmlfile")
oHtmlfile.parentWindow.execScript "function encode(s) {return encodeURIComponent(s)}", "jscript"
End If
EncodeUriComponent = oHtmlfile.parentWindow.encode(sText)
End Function
由代码生成的有效载荷数据如下:
And the payload data generated by the code is as follows:
gameid=3&modiftypeinfo=description&modifregion=&modiflangue=fr&modifversion=&modiftexte=ici%2C%20le%20synopsis%20du%20jeu%20!%20ne%20pas%20valider%2C%20c'est%20un%20test%20%3B)&modifsource=botProposition%20%2F%20source%20de%20l'info
错误响应与我的第一种方法相同.
The error response is the same as for the first method for me.
这篇关于需要帮助以在VBA中使用post方法发布多部分表单数据的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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