错误:在Alpine Docker映像上安装PostGIS时的约束无法满足 [英] ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints when installing PostGIS on the Alpine Docker image

问题描述

好，所以任务似乎很简单！使用Alpine图像(因为它重量轻且安全)来执行某些PostgreSQL DB创建/迁移.我正在使用以下Dockerfile，其代码为这里:

Ok, so the task seems pretty easy! Use an Alpine image (as it is light-weight and secure) to perform some PostgreSQL DB creation/migrations. I'm using the following Dockerfile using the code here:

FROM alpine:latest

RUN apk add -U postgresql

# install PostGIS
ENV POSTGIS_VERSION 2.5.2
ENV POSTGIS_SHA256 225aeaece00a1a6a9af15526af81bef2af27f4c198de820af1367a792ee1d1a9
RUN set -ex \
    \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .fetch-deps \
        ca-certificates \
        openssl \
        tar \
    \
    && wget -O postgis.tar.gz "https://github.com/postgis/postgis/archive/$POSTGIS_VERSION.tar.gz" \
    && echo "$POSTGIS_SHA256 *postgis.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c - \
    && mkdir -p /usr/src/postgis \
    && tar \
        --extract \
        --file postgis.tar.gz \
        --directory /usr/src/postgis \
        --strip-components 1 \
    && rm postgis.tar.gz \
    \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
        autoconf \
        automake \
        g++ \
        json-c-dev \
        libtool \
        libxml2-dev \
        make \
        perl \
    \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps-edge \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
        gdal-dev \
        geos-dev \
        proj4-dev \
        protobuf-c-dev \
    && cd /usr/src/postgis \
    && ./autogen.sh \
# configure options taken from:
# https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-grass/postgis.git/tree/debian/rules?h=jessie
    && ./configure \
#       --with-gui \
    && make \
    && make install \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .postgis-rundeps \
        json-c \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .postgis-rundeps-edge \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
        geos \
        gdal \
        proj4 \
        protobuf-c \
    && cd / \
    && rm -rf /usr/src/postgis \
    && apk del .fetch-deps .build-deps .build-deps-edge

COPY ./db-creator.sh /db-creator.sh
CMD ["./db-creator.sh"]

但是，由于某些unsatisfiable constraints错误，没有使用apk安装依赖项.错误如下，完整日志可在此问题中找到.

However, the dependencies are not installed using apk due to some unsatisfiable constraints error. The error is as follows and the full logs are available in this issue I opened.

ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
  gdal-dev (missing):
    required by: .build-deps-edge-20200123.143501[gdal-dev]
  geos-dev (missing):
    required by: .build-deps-edge-20200123.143501[geos-dev]
  proj4-dev (missing):
    required by: .build-deps-edge-20200123.143501[proj4-dev]

感谢您的帮助.

推荐答案

github上的代码包含另一个图像

The code on github contains another image postgres:11-alpine comparing to image defined in question: alpine:latest.

软件包 gdal-dev ， geos-dev ， proj-dev ，该文件也位于稳定的v3.11存储库中.

Packages gdal-dev, geos-dev, protobuf-c-dev are no longer in edge repo testing branch, they were migrated to stable v3.11 repository. Also proj4-dev was renamed to proj-dev, which is also in stable v3.11 repository.

所以要修复Dockerfile，我们只需要从v3.11 repo安装上述软件包，即更改这部分代码:

So to fix the Dockerfile we just need to install above packages from v3.11 repo, ie change this part of code:

&& apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
    autoconf \
    automake \
    g++ \
    json-c-dev \
    libtool \
    libxml2-dev \
    make \
    perl \
\
&& apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps-edge \
    --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing \
    --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
    gdal-dev \
    geos-dev \
    proj4-dev \
    protobuf-c-dev \
    proj4-dev \
    protobuf-c-dev \

对此:

&& apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
    autoconf \
    automake \
    g++ \
    gdal-dev \
    geos-dev \
    json-c-dev \
    libtool \
    libxml2-dev \
    make \
    perl \
    proj-dev \
    protobuf-c-dev \
\

最后的Dockerfile是:

FROM alpine:3.11

RUN apk add -U postgresql

# install PostGIS
ENV POSTGIS_VERSION 2.5.2
ENV POSTGIS_SHA256 225aeaece00a1a6a9af15526af81bef2af27f4c198de820af1367a792ee1d1a9
RUN set -ex \
    \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .fetch-deps \
        ca-certificates \
        openssl \
        tar \
    \
    && wget -O postgis.tar.gz "https://github.com/postgis/postgis/archive/$POSTGIS_VERSION.tar.gz" \
    && echo "$POSTGIS_SHA256 *postgis.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c - \
    && mkdir -p /usr/src/postgis \
    && tar \
        --extract \
        --file postgis.tar.gz \
        --directory /usr/src/postgis \
        --strip-components 1 \
    && rm postgis.tar.gz \
    \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
        autoconf \
        automake \
        g++ \
        gdal-dev \
        geos-dev \
        json-c-dev \
        libtool \
        libxml2-dev \
        make \
        perl \
        proj-dev \
        protobuf-c-dev \
    \
    && cd /usr/src/postgis \
    && ./autogen.sh \
# configure options taken from:
# https://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-grass/postgis.git/tree/debian/rules?h=jessie
    && ./configure \
#       --with-gui \
    && make \
    && make install \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .postgis-rundeps \
        json-c \
    && apk add --no-cache --virtual .postgis-rundeps-edge \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing \
        --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
        geos \
        gdal \
        proj4 \
        protobuf-c \
    && cd / \
    && rm -rf /usr/src/postgis \
    && apk del .fetch-deps .build-deps .build-deps-edge

COPY ./db-creator.sh /db-creator.sh
CMD ["./db-creator.sh"]

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