Ruby on Rails / PostgreSQL-启动服务器时未加载库错误 [英] Ruby on Rails / PostgreSQL - Library not loaded error when starting server

问题描述

Heyo。如果这个问题已经在其他主题中得到解答，我谨此致歉。我搜索了整个网站，但没有找到答案。但是，最接近的相关问题是 Ruby在Rails / PostgreSQL上-启动服务器libq.5.dylib 时出现库未加载错误，但此问题从未得到解决，答案也无济于事。

Heyo. I apologize in advance if this question has been answered in another thread. I've searched through the site but I didn't find an answer. However, the closest related issue was Ruby on Rails / PostgreSQL - Library not Loaded error when starting server- libq.5.dylib, but it was never resolved, and the answer doesn't help me.

我试图让PostgreSQL在Mac OSX 10.6.8上运行。我已经安装了Ruby 1.9.3p392和Rails 3.2.13。

I'm trying to get PostgreSQL running on my Mac OSX 10.6.8. I already have Ruby 1.9.3p392 and Rails 3.2.13 installed.

由于我已经安装了10.6.8，而PostGresApp需要10.7+，因此我尝试使用该手册安装PG安装程序（v9.2.3）可以在这里找到： http://www.enterprisedb.com/products -services-training / pgdownload

Since I've 10.6.8, and PostGresApp requires 10.7+, I tried installing PG using the manual installer (v9.2.3) available here: http://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgdownload

我首先将其安装到默认路径：/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/。然后我安装了pg gem（ PATH = $ PATH：/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/bin sudo gem install pg ）。当我尝试使用 rails s 启动本地主机时，出现以下错误。

I first installed it to its default path at: /Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/. I then installed the pg gem (PATH=$PATH:/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/bin sudo gem install pg). When I tried rails s to launch my localhost, I got the error below.

经过一番阅读，我猜可能是路径错误，所以我删除了pg gem，然后使用了postgresql卸载程序。然后，我将pg重新安装在/users/stewartmccoy/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2 / ...中，然后重新安装pg gem。但是我仍然遇到同样的错误。

After some reading, I guessed it might be a path error, so I removed the pg gem, and then used the postgresql uninstaller. I then reinstalled pg in /users/stewartmccoy/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/...and then reinstalled the pg gem. But I still get the same error.

关于如何正确安装PostgreSQL并使Rails服务器运行的任何想法？

Any thoughts on how I might correctly install PostgreSQL and get my rails server running?

stewart-mccoys-macbook:footy_subs stewartmccoy$ rails s
/Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg.rb:4:in `require': dlopen(/Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: libpq.5.dylib (LoadError)
  Referenced from: /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle
  Reason: image not found - /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/Code/footy_subs/config/application.rb:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
    from script/rails:6:in `require'
    from script/rails:6:in `<main>'
stewart-mccoys-macbook:footy_subs stewartmccoy$ gem uninstall pgSuccessfully uninstalled pg-0.14.1
stewart-mccoys-macbook:footy_subs stewartmccoy$ PATH=$PATH:/users/stewartmccoy/Library/PostgreSQL/9.2/bin sudo gem install pg
Password:
Fetching: pg-0.14.1.gem (100%)
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
Successfully installed pg-0.14.1
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for pg-0.14.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for pg-0.14.1...
stewart-mccoys-macbook:footy_subs stewartmccoy$ rails s
/Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg.rb:4:in `require': dlopen(/Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: libpq.5.dylib (LoadError)
  Referenced from: /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle
  Reason: image not found - /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg_ext.bundle
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/pg-0.14.1/lib/pg.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/Code/footy_subs/config/application.rb:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `require'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:53:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
    from /Users/stewartmccoy/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p392/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
    from script/rails:6:in `require'
    from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

推荐答案

错误的关键部分是：

Library not loaded: libpq.5.dylib (LoadError)

这表明ruby在运行时找不到 libpq 。为了解决这个问题，您可能应该将 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 环境变量设置为指向PostgreSQL安装的 lib 目录（全局）或用于启动Rails的包装脚本中。有关更多信息，请参见此超级用户问题。

This suggests that ruby can't find libpq at runtime. To address that you should probably set the DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to point to the lib directory of your PostgreSQL install, either globally or in a wrapper script you use to start Rails. See this superuser question for some more info.

The Pg gem可以在编译和安装过程中找到该库，因为 pg_config 可执行文件位于 PATH ，并使用它来找到 libpq 。似乎它不存储在运行时使用的路径，因此您必须自己设置运行时动态链接器。

The Pg gem can find the library during compilation and installation because the pg_config executable is on the PATH and it uses that to find libpq. It appears that it doesn't store the path for use at runtime so you have to set the runtime dynamic linker up yourself.

一个简单的包装器脚本（如果您不这样做）不想修改您的全球环境）就像这样：

A simple wrapper script (in case you don't want to modify your global environment) is something like:

#!/bin/bash
export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/pg/lib 
exec rails "$@"

$ @基本上是指将所有参数传递给此脚本，就像它们直接传递给此处一样。它保留正确的引用，从本质上讲意味着rails命令不能告诉您没有直接运行它。

The "$@" basically means "pass all arguments to this script through as if they were passed here directly". It preserves quoting correctly and essentially means that the rails command can't tell you didn't run it directly.

这篇关于Ruby on Rails / PostgreSQL-启动服务器时未加载库错误的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！