Javascript->下载以ISO-8859-1/Latin1/Windows-1252编码的CSV文件 [英] Javascript -> Download CSV file encoded in ISO-8859-1 / Latin1 / Windows-1252

问题描述

我使用了一个小工具，可以从Amazon CSV订单数据中提取运输数据.到目前为止，它仍然有效.这是一个简单的JS Bin版本: http://output.jsbin.com/jarako

I have hacked together a small tool to extract shipping data from Amazon CSV order data. it works so far. here is a simple version as JS Bin: http://output.jsbin.com/jarako

要打印邮票/运输标签，我需要一个文件以上传到Deutsche Post和其他包裹服务.我使用了一个小的函数saveTextAsFile，该函数在stackoverflow上找到.到目前为止一切都很好.在输出文本区域或下载的文件中没有错误显示特殊字符(äöüß...).

For printing stamps/shipping labels, I need a file for uploading to Deutsche Post and to other parcel services. I used a small function saveTextAsFile which i found on stackoverflow. Everything good so far. No wrong displayed special characters (äöüß...) in the output textarea or downloaded files.

所有这些德国邮政/包裹服务站点仅接受latin1/iso-8859-1编码的文件进行上传.但是我下载的文件始终是utf-8.如果我将其上传，则所有特殊字符(äöüß...)都会出错.

All these german post / parcel services sites accept only latin1 / iso-8859-1 encoded files for upload. But my downloaded file is always utf-8. If i upload it, all special characters (äöüß...) go wrong.

我该如何更改?我仍然搜索了很多.我已经尝试过:

How can i change this? I still searched a lot. I have tried i.e.:

将工具的字符集设置为iso-8859-1:

Setting the charset of the tool to iso-8859-1:

<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />

但是结果是:现在我在输出文本区域和下载的文件中仍然有错误的特殊字符.如果我将其上传到发布站点，我仍然会收到更多错误字符.另外，如果我在CODA编辑器中检查了编码，它仍然说下载的文件是UTF-8.

But the result is: Now I have wrong special characters still in the output textarea and in the downloaded file. If I upload it to the post site, I still get more wrong characters. Also if I check the encoding in CODA Editor it still says the downloaded file is UTF-8.

saveTextAsFile函数使用var textFileAsBlob = new Blob([textToWrite], {type:'text/plain'});.

function saveTextAsFile()
{
    var textToWrite = $('#dataOutput').val();
    var textFileAsBlob = new Blob([textToWrite], {type:'text/plain'});
    var fileNameToSaveAs = "Brief.txt";

    var downloadLink = document.createElement("a");
    downloadLink.download = fileNameToSaveAs;
    downloadLink.innerHTML = "Download File";
    if (window.webkitURL != null)
    {
        // Chrome allows the link to be clicked
        // without actually adding it to the DOM.
        downloadLink.href = window.webkitURL.createObjectURL(textFileAsBlob);
    }
    else
    {
        // Firefox requires the link to be added to the DOM
        // before it can be clicked.
        downloadLink.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(textFileAsBlob);
        downloadLink.onclick = destroyClickedElement;
        downloadLink.style.display = "none";
        document.body.appendChild(downloadLink);
    }

    downloadLink.click();
}

无论如何，当网站使用自身时，必须有一种以其他编码方式下载文件的方法.我从中下载CSV文件的Amazon网站是UTF-8编码的.但是，如果我在CODA中检查它，则从那里下载的CSV文件为Latin1(iso-8859-1)...

Anyhow, there have to be a way to download files in other encoding as the site uses itself. The Amazon site, where i download the CSV file from is UTF-8 encoded. But downloaded CSV file from there is Latin1 (iso-8859-1) if i check it in CODA...

推荐答案

滚动到真正的解决方案的更新！

因为我没有答案，所以搜索量越来越多.看来Javascript中没有解决方案.我用JavaScript生成的每个测试下载文件都是UTF-8编码的.看起来Javascript仅适用于UNICODE/UTF-8，或者(可能)仅在使用先前的HTTP传输再次传输数据时才适用其他编码.但是对于在客户端上运行的Javascript，则不会发生其他HTTP传输，因为数据仍在客户端上.

Because I got no answer, I have searched more and more. It looks like there is NO SOLUTION in Javascript. Every test download I'v made, which was generated in javascript was UTF-8 encoded. Looks like Javascript is only made for UNICODE / UTF-8 or an other encoding would (possibly) only apply if the data would be transported again using a former HTTP transport. But for a Javascript, which runs on the client no additional HTTP transport happens, because the data is still on the client..

我现在已经在服务器上构建了一个小的PHP脚本，通过GET或POST请求向其发送数据，这对我有所帮助.它将编码转换为latin1/ISO-8859-1并下载为文件.这是一个ISO-8859-1文件，带有正确编码的特殊字符，我可以将其上传到提到的邮政和包裹服务站点，一切看起来都很好.

I have helped me now with building a small PHP Script on my server, to which i send the Data via GET or POST request. It converters the encoding to latin1 / ISO-8859-1 and downloads it as file. This is a ISO-8859-1 file with correctly encoded special characters, which I can upload to the mentioned postal and parcel service sites and everything looks good.

latin-download.php :(将PHP文件本身也保存在ISO-8859-1中，使其正常工作非常重要！)

latin-download.php: (It is VERY IMPORTANT to save the PHP file itself also in ISO-8859-1, to make it work!!)

<?php
$decoded_a = urldecode($_REQUEST["a"]);
$converted_to_latin = mb_convert_encoding($decoded_a,'ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8');
$filename = $_REQUEST["filename"];
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'.$filename.'"; content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1;');
echo $converted_to_latin;
?>

在我使用的javascript代码中:

in my javascript code i use:

<a id="downloadlink">Download File</a>

<script>
var mydata = "this is testdata containing äöüß";

document.getElementById("downloadlink").addEventListener("click", function() {
    var mydataToSend = encodeURIComponent(mydata);
    window.open("latin-download.php?a=" + mydataToSend + "&filename=letter-max.csv");
}, false);
</script>

要获取更多数据，您必须从GET切换到POST ...

for bigger amounts of data you have to switch from GET to POST...

更新2016年2月8日

半年后，现在我在PURE JAVASCRIPT中找到了解决方案.使用 inexorabletash/text-encoding .这是编码生活标准的填充.该标准包括对诸如latin1("windows-1252")之类的旧编码的解码，但是它禁止将编码转换为这些旧编码类型.因此，如果您使用浏览器实现的window.TextEncoder功能，则它仅提供UTF编码.但是， polyfill解决方案提供了一种旧模式，该模式还允许将其编码为latin1之类的旧编码.

A half year later now i have found a solution in PURE JAVASCRIPT. Using inexorabletash/text-encoding. This is a polyfill for Encoding Living Standard. The standard includes decoding of old encodings like latin1 ("windows-1252"), but it forbids encoding into these old encoding types. So if you use the browser implemented window.TextEncoder function it does offer only UTF encoding. BUT, the polyfill solution offers a legacy mode, which does ALLOW also encoding into old encodings like latin1.

我这样使用它:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<script>
// 'Copy' browser build in TextEncoder function to TextEncoderOrg (because it can NOT encode windows-1252, but so you can still use it as TextEncoderOrg()  )
var TextEncoderOrg = window.TextEncoder;   
// ... and deactivate it, to make sure only the polyfill encoder script that follows will be used 
window.TextEncoder = null;  

</script>
<script src="lib/encoding-indexes.js"></script>  // needed to support encode to old encoding types
<script src="lib/encoding.js"></script>  // encording polyfill

<script>

function download (content, filename, contentType) {
    if(!contentType) contentType = 'application/octet-stream';
        var a = document.createElement('a');
        var blob = new Blob([content], {'type':contentType});
        a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
        a.download = filename;
        a.click();
}

var text = "Es wird ein schöner Tag!";

// Do the encoding
var encoded = new TextEncoder("windows-1252",{ NONSTANDARD_allowLegacyEncoding: true }).encode(text);

// Download 2 files to see the difference
download(encoded,"windows-1252-encoded-text.txt");
download(text,"utf-8-original-text.txt");

</script>

encoding-indexes.js文件大约有500kb，因为它包含所有编码表.由于我只需要Windows-1252编码，因此我删除了此文件中的其他编码.所以现在只剩下632个字节了.

The encoding-indexes.js file is about 500kb big, because it contains all the encoding tables. Because i need only windows-1252 encoding, for my use i have deleted the other encodings in this file. so now there are only 632 byte left.

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