如何为每个象限创建一个带有圆形末端的圆 [英] how to create a circle with rounded ends for each quadrant

问题描述

我创建了一个圆，该圆分为多个象限.我试图使每个象限的末端四舍五入，每个象限之间有给定的间隙，但是却出现了一些奇怪的现象.我想我缺少了一些东西.下面是我所得到的图像和相关代码.我希望它们的末端与Apple Watch活动环的末端相似.

I have created a circle that is divided into quadrants. I am trying to make the ends of each quadrant rounded with a given gap between each quadrant, but I get some strange behavior. I guess I'm missing something. Below is an image of what I'm getting and the relevant code. I want the ends to be similar to that of the Apple Watch activity ring.

class GameScene: SKScene {

let radius = CGFloat(100)
var topRightPathNode : SKShapeNode!
var bottomRightPathNode : SKShapeNode!
var bottomLeftPathNode : SKShapeNode!
var topLeftPathNode : SKShapeNode!

override func didMove(to view: SKView) {

}


override init(size: CGSize) {
    super.init(size: size)
    let topRightPath = arcSegment(center: CGPoint.zero, radius: radius, strokeWidth: 18, gapWidth: 6)

    // TOP RIGHT


    topRightPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: topRightPath)
    topRightPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.white
    topRightPathNode.lineWidth = 0
    topRightPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
    addChild(topRightPathNode)


    // BOTTOM RIGHT

    var reflectOnY = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: 1.0, y: -1.0)
    let bottomRightPath = topRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnY)!
    bottomRightPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: bottomRightPath)
    bottomRightPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.red
    bottomRightPathNode.lineWidth = 0
    bottomRightPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
   addChild(bottomRightPathNode)


    // BOTTOM LEFT


    //var reflectOnX = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1.0, y: 1.0)
    //let bottomLeftPath = bottomRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnX)!
    var reflectOnXAndY = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1.0, y: -1.0)
    let bottomLeftPath = topRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnXAndY)!

    bottomLeftPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: bottomLeftPath)
    bottomLeftPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.purple
    bottomLeftPathNode.lineWidth = 0
    bottomLeftPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
    addChild(bottomLeftPathNode)



    // TOP LEFT
    var reflectOnX = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1.0, y: 1.0)
    let topLeftPath = topRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnX)!
    topLeftPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: topLeftPath)
    topLeftPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.cyan
    topLeftPathNode.lineWidth = 0
    topLeftPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y:240)
    addChild(topLeftPathNode)

}

required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
    fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}


func arcSegment(center : CGPoint,
                radius: CGFloat,
                strokeWidth: CGFloat,
                gapWidth: CGFloat) -> CGPath
{
    let halfStrokeWidth = strokeWidth / 2.0
    let outerRadius = radius + halfStrokeWidth
    let innerRadius = radius - halfStrokeWidth
    let halfGap = gapWidth / 2.0

    let outerStartAngle = CGFloat(atan2(sqrt(outerRadius * outerRadius - halfGap * halfGap), halfGap))
    let outerEndAngle = CGFloat(atan2(halfGap, sqrt(outerRadius * outerRadius - halfGap * halfGap)))

    let innerStartAngle = CGFloat(atan2(halfGap, sqrt(innerRadius * innerRadius - halfGap * halfGap)))
    let innerEndAngle = CGFloat(atan2(sqrt(innerRadius * innerRadius - halfGap * halfGap), halfGap))

    let path = CGMutablePath()

    path.addArc(center: center, radius: outerRadius, startAngle: outerStartAngle, endAngle: outerEndAngle, clockwise: true)
    // Quartz 2D will assume a "moveTo" here
    path.addArc(center: CGPoint(x: center.x + radius, y: center.y), radius: halfStrokeWidth, startAngle: outerStartAngle, endAngle: outerEndAngle, clockwise: false)

    path.addArc(center: center, radius: innerRadius, startAngle: innerStartAngle, endAngle: innerEndAngle, clockwise: false)

    path.closeSubpath()


    return path
}

推荐答案

这是另一组代码，其中生成的路径具有圆角末端，但是每个弧段都是填充的路径，而不是单个描边的线段.这应该允许路径发生碰撞而不会使端盖重叠.

Here's another set of code where the paths that are generated have rounded ends, but each arc segment is a filled path rather than being a single stroked segment. This should allow the paths to have collisions without the end caps overlapping.

import UIKit
import SpriteKit
import PlaygroundSupport

let radius = CGFloat(100)

let sceneSize = CGSize(width: 640, height: 480)
let sceneView = SKView(frame: CGRect(origin: CGPoint.zero, size: sceneSize))

let scene = SKScene(size: sceneSize)
scene.backgroundColor = UIColor.black

let topRightPath = arcSegment(radius: radius, strokeWidth: 18, gapWidth: 25)

let topRightPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: topRightPath)
topRightPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.white
topRightPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
topRightPathNode.lineWidth = 0
scene.addChild(topRightPathNode)


var reflectOnY = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: 1.0, y: -1.0)
let bottomRightPath = topRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnY)!
let bottomRightPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: bottomRightPath)
bottomRightPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.orange
bottomRightPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
bottomRightPathNode.lineWidth = 0
scene.addChild(bottomRightPathNode)


var reflectOnX = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: -1.0, y: 1.0)
let bottomLeftPath = bottomRightPath.copy(using: &reflectOnX)!
let bottomLeftPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: bottomLeftPath)
bottomLeftPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.green
bottomLeftPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y: 240)
bottomLeftPathNode.lineWidth = 0
scene.addChild(bottomLeftPathNode)


let topLeftPath = bottomLeftPath.copy(using: &reflectOnY)!
let topLeftPathNode = SKShapeNode(path: topLeftPath)
topLeftPathNode.fillColor = SKColor.blue
topLeftPathNode.position = CGPoint(x: 320, y:240)
topLeftPathNode.lineWidth = 0
scene.addChild(topLeftPathNode)

sceneView.presentScene(scene)

PlaygroundPage.current.liveView = sceneView
PlaygroundPage.current.needsIndefiniteExecution = true

func arcSegment( radius: CGFloat,
                 strokeWidth: CGFloat,
                 gapWidth: CGFloat) -> CGPath
{
    let halfStrokeWidth = strokeWidth / 2.0
    let outerRadius = radius + halfStrokeWidth
    let innerRadius = radius - halfStrokeWidth
    let halfGap = gapWidth / 2.0

    let outerStartAngle = CGFloat(atan2(sqrt(outerRadius * outerRadius - halfGap * halfGap), halfGap))
    let outerEndAngle = CGFloat(atan2(halfGap, sqrt(outerRadius * outerRadius - halfGap * halfGap)))

    let innerStartAngle = CGFloat(atan2(halfGap, sqrt(innerRadius * innerRadius - halfGap * halfGap)))
    let innerEndAngle = CGFloat(atan2(sqrt(innerRadius * innerRadius - halfGap * halfGap), halfGap))

    let leftEndAngle = CGFloat(atan2(sqrt(radius * radius - halfGap * halfGap), halfGap))

    let leftEndCapPoint = CGPoint(x: radius * cos(leftEndAngle),
                                  y: radius * sin(leftEndAngle))
    let rightEndCapPoint = CGPoint(x: leftEndCapPoint.y,
                                   y: leftEndCapPoint.x)


    let path = CGMutablePath()

    path.addArc(center: CGPoint.zero,
                radius: outerRadius,
                startAngle: outerStartAngle,
                endAngle: outerEndAngle,
                clockwise: true)

    path.addArc(center: rightEndCapPoint,
                radius: halfStrokeWidth,
                startAngle : 0,
                endAngle : CGFloat.pi,
                clockwise: true)

    path.addArc(center: CGPoint.zero, radius: innerRadius, startAngle: innerStartAngle, endAngle: innerEndAngle, clockwise: false)

    path.addArc(center: leftEndCapPoint,
                radius: halfStrokeWidth,
                startAngle : 3.0 * CGFloat.pi / 2.0,
                endAngle : CGFloat.pi / 2.0,
                clockwise: true)

    path.closeSubpath()

    return path
}

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