访问Unity3d C#中动态添加的组件 [英] Access dynamically added Component in Unity3d C#

问题描述

通过GameObject.AddComponent方法将Component添加到GameObject后，如何从另一个脚本访问该Component?

After adding a Component to a GameObject via the GameObject.AddComponent method, how can I access this Component from another script?

这是myScript代码(未附加到GameObject):

here is myScript code (not attach to a GameObject):

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class MyScript : MonoBehaviour {
    public string       myName = "myName";
    public Vector3      pos;
    public bool         visible;
}

这是场景中游戏对象的主要代码:

and here is the main code attached to a gameobject in the scene:

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Main : MonoBehaviour {
    public GameObject cube;

    void Update() {
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space)) {
            cube = GameObject.CreatePrimitive(PrimitiveType.Cube);
            cube.AddComponent<MyScript>();
        }

        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.LeftShift)) {
            var a = GameObject.Find("Cube");

            print("cube name/visible: " + 
            /* here is the problem, how do i access the MyScript variables? */ 
            a.myName + "/" + a.visible);
        }
    }
}

推荐答案

要从Unity3d GameObject访问Component，应使用

To access a Component from a Unity3d GameObject, you should use the GameObject.GetComponent<T>() method. There is more than one way to do this.

MyScript m = gameObject.GetComponent<MyScript>();
MyScript m = gameObject.GetComponent("MyScript") as MyScript;
MyScript m = (MyScript) gameObject.GetComponent(typeof(MyScript));

从您的示例代码中，有几件事应该真正解决:

From your example code, there are a few things that should really be addressed:

• 如果要在场景中动态创建组件，最好先创建一个预制件，然后将其添加到场景中.
• 如果您打算在运行时将大量对象添加到场景中，则应该使用缓冲池，而不是昂贵的创建和销毁对象
• GameObject.Find("Cube");在层次结构中只会找到一个名为"Cube"的对象.如果要查找具有MyScript组件的所有GameObjects(如果只想查找1，则应使用FindObjectOfType)，应使用FindObjectsOfType<MyScript>()

• If you want to create components in your scene dynamically, it is better practice to create a prefab, then add that into your scene
• If you are planning to add large amounts of objects into your scene at runtime, you should use pooling, rather than expensive creating and destroying objects
• GameObject.Find("Cube"); will only find a single object named "Cube" in the heirarchy. You should use FindObjectsOfType<MyScript>() if you want to find all GameObjects that have the MyScript component (FindObjectOfType if you only want to find 1)

基于此，您可以像这样获取MyScript的变量:

Based on that, you can get to the variables of MyScript like this:

MyScript a = FindObjectOfType<MyScript>();
print(a.myName + "/" + a.visible);

，或者如果您要检查所有MyScript活动组件的状态:

or if you want to check the status of all MyScript active components:

MyScript[] myScripts = FindObjectsOfType<MyScript>();
foreach (MyScript myScript in myScripts) {
    print(myScript.myName + "/" + myScript.visible);
}

这篇关于访问Unity3d C#中动态添加的组件的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！