字节数组到十六进制字符串 [英] Byte Array to Hex String

问题描述

我将数据存储在字节数组中.如何将这些数据转换为十六进制字符串?

I have data stored in a byte array. How can I convert this data into a hex string?

我的字节数组示例:

array_alpha = [ 133, 53, 234, 241 ]

推荐答案

使用 c0> :

>>> array_alpha = [ 133, 53, 234, 241 ]
>>> print ''.join('{:02x}'.format(x) for x in array_alpha)
8535eaf1

或使用 format

>>> print ''.join(format(x, '02x') for x in array_alpha)
8535eaf1

注意:在format语句中，02表示如有必要，最多填充2个前导0.这很重要，因为[0x1, 0x1, 0x1] i.e. (0x010101)将被格式化为"111"而不是"010101"

Note: In the format statements, the 02 means it will pad with up to 2 leading 0s if necessary. This is important since [0x1, 0x1, 0x1] i.e. (0x010101) would be formatted to "111" instead of "010101"

或将 bytearray 与

---

以下是Python 3.6.1中上述方法的基准:

---

Here is a benchmark of above methods in Python 3.6.1:

from timeit import timeit
import binascii

number = 10000

def using_str_format() -> str:
    return "".join("{:02x}".format(x) for x in test_obj)

def using_format() -> str:
    return "".join(format(x, "02x") for x in test_obj)

def using_hexlify() -> str:
    return binascii.hexlify(bytearray(test_obj)).decode('ascii')

def do_test():
    print("Testing with {}-byte {}:".format(len(test_obj), test_obj.__class__.__name__))
    if using_str_format() != using_format() != using_hexlify():
        raise RuntimeError("Results are not the same")

    print("Using str.format       -> " + str(timeit(using_str_format, number=number)))
    print("Using format           -> " + str(timeit(using_format, number=number)))
    print("Using binascii.hexlify -> " + str(timeit(using_hexlify, number=number)))

test_obj = bytes([i for i in range(255)])
do_test()

test_obj = bytearray([i for i in range(255)])
do_test()

结果:

Testing with 255-byte bytes:
Using str.format       -> 1.459474583090427
Using format           -> 1.5809937679100738
Using binascii.hexlify -> 0.014521426401399307
Testing with 255-byte bytearray:
Using str.format       -> 1.443447684109402
Using format           -> 1.5608712609513171
Using binascii.hexlify -> 0.014114164661833684

使用format的方法确实提供了其他格式选项，例如用空格" ".join，逗号", ".join，大写打印"{:02X}".format(x)/format(x, "02X")等分隔数字，但是代价是很大的性能影响.

Methods using format do provide additional formatting options, as example separating numbers with spaces " ".join, commas ", ".join, upper-case printing "{:02X}".format(x)/format(x, "02X"), etc., but at a cost of great performance impact.

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