如何在D3 JS中添加带状色带? [英] How to add laced color band in d3 js?

问题描述

基于在v4中带有网格线的简单图形(例如)，在网格线之间添加带状的带，类似于下图:

Based on Simple graph with grid lines in v4 (for example), I would like to add laced bands between grid lines, similar to the picture below:

我该如何实现?

谢谢.

推荐答案

我能够使用rect元素并根据其index启用opacity来解决此问题.首先，我将所有yaxis的值都放入一个数组中，以便可以为每个rect获得y属性，然后将这些rects附加到组g中.

I was able to solve this using rect elements and enabling opacity based on their index. First I get all the values of the yaxis into an array so that I can get the y attribute for each rect and then just append those rects in a group g.

// add the Y Axis
svg.append("g").attr('class', 'y axis')
  .call(d3.axisLeft(y));

//Store all values of the y-axis to an array
var yval = []
d3.selectAll('.y.axis>g>text').each(function(d) {
  yval.push(d);
});

// Create rects and assign opacity based on index
rects.selectAll('rect').data(yval).enter().append('rect')
     .attr('x', 0).attr('y', function(d) { return y(d); })
     .attr('height', height / yval.length)
     .attr('width', width).style('fill-opacity', function(d, i) {
         if (i == 0) {
            return 0;
         }
         if (i % 2 == 0) {
            return 0.1;
         } else {
            return 0;
         }
     });

// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
var margin = {
    top: 20,
    right: 20,
    bottom: 30,
    left: 50
  },
  width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
  height = 500 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

// parse the date / time
var parseTime = d3.timeParse("%d-%b-%y");

// set the ranges
var x = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]);
var y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]);

// define the line
var valueline = d3.line()
  .x(function(d) {
    return x(d.date);
  })
  .y(function(d) {
    return y(d.close);
  });

// append the svg obgect to the body of the page
// appends a 'group' element to 'svg'
// moves the 'group' element to the top left margin
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
  .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
  .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
  .append("g")
  .attr("transform",
    "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

// gridlines in x axis function
function make_x_gridlines() {
  return d3.axisBottom(x)
    .ticks(5)
}

// gridlines in y axis function
function make_y_gridlines() {
  return d3.axisLeft(y)
    .ticks(5)
}

// Get the data
var data = [{
    "date": "1-May-12",
    "close": 58.13
  },
  {
    "date": "30-Apr-12",
    "close": 53.98
  },
  {
    "date": "27-Apr-12",
    "close": 67
  },
  {
    "date": "26-Apr-12",
    "close": 89.7
  },
  {
    "date": "25-Apr-12",
    "close": 99
  },
  {
    "date": "24-Apr-12",
    "close": 130.28
  },
  {
    "date": "23-Apr-12",
    "close": 166.7
  },
  {
    "date": "20-Apr-12",
    "close": 234.98
  },
  {
    "date": "19-Apr-12",
    "close": 345.44
  },
  {
    "date": "18-Apr-12",
    "close": 443.34
  },
  {
    "date": "17-Apr-12",
    "close": 543.7
  },
  {
    "date": "16-Apr-12",
    "close": 580.13
  },
  {
    "date": "13-Apr-12",
    "close": 605.23
  },
  {
    "date": "12-Apr-12",
    "close": 622.77
  },
  {
    "date": "11-Apr-12",
    "close": 626.2
  },
  {
    "date": "10-Apr-12",
    "close": 628.44
  },
  {
    "date": "9-Apr-12",
    "close": 636.23
  },
  {
    "date": "5-Apr-12",
    "close": 633.68
  },
  {
    "date": "4-Apr-12",
    "close": 624.31
  },
  {
    "date": "3-Apr-12",
    "close": 629.32
  },
  {
    "date": "2-Apr-12",
    "close": 618.63
  },
  {
    "date": "30-Mar-12",
    "close": 599.55
  },
  {
    "date": "29-Mar-12",
    "close": 609.86
  },
  {
    "date": "28-Mar-12",
    "close": 617.62
  },
  {
    "date": "27-Mar-12",
    "close": 614.48
  },
  {
    "date": "26-Mar-12",
    "close": 606.98
  }
]


// format the data
data.forEach(function(d) {
  d.date = parseTime(d.date);
  d.close = +d.close;
});

// Scale the range of the data
x.domain(d3.extent(data, function(d) {
  return d.date;
}));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
  return d.close;
})]);

// add the X gridlines
svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "grid")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(make_x_gridlines()
    .tickSize(-height)
    .tickFormat("")
  )

// add the Y gridlines
svg.append("g")
  .attr("class", "grid")
  .call(make_y_gridlines()
    .tickSize(-width)
    .tickFormat("")
  )

var rects = svg.append('g').attr('class', 'intBands')

// add the valueline path.
svg.append("path")
  .data([data])
  .attr("class", "line")
  .attr("d", valueline);

// add the X Axis
svg.append("g")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(d3.axisBottom(x));

// add the Y Axis
svg.append("g").attr('class', 'y axis')
  .call(d3.axisLeft(y));


var yval = []
d3.selectAll('.y.axis>g>text').each(function(d) {
  yval.push(d);
});


rects.selectAll('rect').data(yval).enter().append('rect')
  .attr('x', 0).attr('y', function(d) {
    return y(d)
  }).attr('height', height / yval.length).attr('width', width).style('fill-opacity', function(d, i) {
    if (i == 0) {
      return 0;
    }
    if (i % 2 == 0) {
      return 0.1;
    } else {
      return 0;
    }

  });

.line {
  fill: none;
  stroke: steelblue;
  stroke-width: 2px;
}

.grid line {
  stroke: lightgrey;
  stroke-opacity: 0.7;
  shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

.grid path {
  stroke-width: 0;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>
  /* set the CSS */
</style>

<body>

  <!-- load the d3.js library -->
  <script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
  <script>
  </script>
</body>

如果有人有更好的方法，请发布您的解决方案.谢谢.

If anyone has a better way of doing this, please post your solution. Thanks.

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