集群和MPP超级计算机体系结构有什么区别? [英] What is the difference between a Cluster and MPP supercomputer architecture?

问题描述

集群和MPP超级计算机体系结构有什么区别?

What is the difference between a Cluster and MPP supercomputer architecture?

推荐答案

在群集中，每台计算机在内存，磁盘等方面在很大程度上彼此独立.通过正常网络上的某些变体将它们互连.集群主要存在于程序员的脑海中，以及他/他选择如何分配工作的头脑.

In a cluster, each machine is largely independent of the others in terms of memory, disk, etc. They are interconnected using some variation on normal networking. The cluster exists mostly in the mind of the programmer and how s/he chooses to distribute the work.

在大规模并行处理器中，实际上只有一台计算机具有成千上万个紧密相连的CPU. MPP具有奇异的内存架构，可以与相邻处理器以极高的速度交换中间结果.

In a Massively Parallel Processor, there really is only one machine with thousands of CPUs tightly interconnected. MPPs have exotic memory architectures to allow extremely high speed exchange of intermediate results with neighboring processors.

主要变体是SIMD(单指令，多数据)和MIMD(多指令，多数据).在SIMD系统中，每个处理器仅在存储器的不同位上同时执行同一条指令.本质上，只有一个程序计数器.在MIMD机器中，每个CPU都有自己的PC.

The major variants are SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) and MIMD (Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data). In a SIMD system, every processor is executing the same instruction at the same time, only on different bits of memory. Essentially, there is only one Program Counter. In a MIMD machine, each CPU has it's own PC.

MPP可能很容易编程，并且仅在令人难以置信的并行(实际上就是它们所称的)的算法上使用.但是，如果您遇到这样的问题，那么MPP的速度可能会惊人地快.它们也非常昂贵.

MPPs can be a bitch to program and are of use only on algorithms that are embarrassingly parallel (that's actually what they call it). However, if you have such a problem, then an MPP can be shockingly fast. They are also incredibly expensive.

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