Python:检查目录是否为别名 [英] Python: Check if a directory is an alias

问题描述

python是否具有简单的功能来检查目录是否为实际目录，或者仅仅是其他目录的别名?我试图列出目录中的所有文件/文件夹，但是由于这些别名文件夹，我迷失了看起来像这样的东西:

Does python have a simple function for checking if a directory is an actual directory or if it's just an alias to another directory? I'm trying to list all files/folders in a directory but because of these alias folders, I'm getting a lost of stuff that looks like this:

/System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/捆绑/首页/捆绑/首页/捆绑/首页/捆绑

/System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle/Home/bundle

我知道我可以编写一个函数来比较路径并退出(如果看起来好像我正在绕圈时退出)，但是有一个简单的函数确实可以执行我不知道的事情吗? 例如. os.isAlias( …pathname… )

I know I can write a function that will compare paths and quit if it seems like I'm going in circles, but is there a simple function that does exactly that that I'm not aware of? E.g. os.isAlias( …pathname… )

谢谢！

推荐答案

这是os.path.realpath的一个版本，可在Mac别名以及Python 2下的符号链接上使用:

Here's a version of os.path.realpath that works on Mac aliases as well as on symbolic links under Python 2:

from Carbon import File
def osx_realpath (path):
    return File.FSResolveAliasFile(path, True)[0].as_pathname()

如果在递归进入每个目录之前在每个目录上调用osx_realpath，则应避免重复.另外，您可以定义类似

If you call osx_realpath on each directory before you recurse into it you should avoid duplication. Alternatively you could define something like

def is_osx_realpath (path):
    return path == osx_realpath(path)

在这里，您必须担心假阴性.如果您过滤is_osx_realpath且您以其开头的路径是别名，则程序将停止运行，而不会查看任何内容.

Here you have to worry a little about false negatives, however. If you filter for is_osx_realpath and the path you start with is an alias, your program will stop without looking at anything.

到目前为止，我还不知道在Python 3下执行此操作的方法.我有一个问题 subprocess.call 做得更好href ="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1175094/os-x-terminal-command-to-resolve-path-of-an-alias/17570232#17570232">调用在命令行中执行检查的操作.

So far I don't know of a way to do this under Python 3. I have a question here where I'm hoping for an answer. Right now I can't do better than using subprocess.call to invoke something that does the check on the command line.

我应该补充的是，Carbon.File不仅在Python 3中不可用，而且已被弃用，因此最好在Python 2中避免使用-但是，这是我所知道的Python 2最实用的解决方案礼物.

I should add that not only is Carbon.File not available in Python 3, but it is deprecated and so is best avoided in Python 2 as well--however it's the most pragmatic solution I know of for Python 2 at present.

这是一种检查文件是否是我认为对Python 3友好的别名的方法.但是，我没有代码来解析别名.我相信您需要安装PyObjC.

EDIT 2: here is a way to check if a file is an alias that I believe to be Python 3-friendly. However, I don't have code to resolve the alias. I believe you need PyObjC installed.

from AppKit import NSWorkspace
def is_alias (path):
    uti, err = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().typeOfFile_error_(
        os.path.realpath(path), None)
    if err:
        raise Exception(unicode(err))
    else:
        return "com.apple.alias-file" == uti

(源)

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