如何设置$ PATH? [英] How do I set $PATH?

问题描述

我正在使用Ruby 2.3.0.每次我打开一个新的bash选项卡时，我的ruby版本都会降级到2.2.3.因此，为确保使用最新版本，请执行rvm use 2.3.0.这样可以按选项卡解决问题，并显示以下消息:

I'm using Ruby 2.3.0. Every time I open a new bash tab, my ruby version downgrades to 2.2.3. So to ensure I'm using the latest, I do rvm use 2.3.0. That fixes the problem on a per-tab basis, and gives this message:

PATH is not properly set up, '/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin' is not at first place,
         usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
         it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
         to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.3.0'.

所以我做echo $PATH并得到一些自我解释:

So I do echo $PATH and get something pretty self explanatory:

/usr/local/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/bin

我的.bashrc具有此功能:

My .bashrc has this:

export PATH="/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH" export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin" # Add RVM to PATH for scripting

.bash_profile具有以下内容:

And .bash_profile has this:

source ~/.profile
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*

这是我从rvm info

Warning! PATH is not properly set up, '/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin' is not at first place,
         usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
         it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
         to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.3.0'.

ruby-2.3.0:

  system:
    uname:       "Darwin BC.local 13.4.0 Darwin Kernel Version 13.4.0: Wed Mar 18 16:20:14 PDT 2015; root:xnu-2422.115.14~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64"
    system:      "osx/10.9/x86_64"
    bash:        "/bin/bash => GNU bash, version 3.2.53(1)-release (x86_64-apple-darwin13)"
    zsh:         "/bin/zsh => zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin13.0)"

  rvm:
    version:      "rvm 1.26.11 (latest) by Wayne E. Seguin <[e-mail]>, Michal Papis <[e-mail]> [https://rvm.io/]"
    updated:      "3 minutes 39 seconds ago"
    path:         "/Users/mkeable/.rvm"

  ruby:
    interpreter:  "ruby"
    version:      "2.2.3p173"
    date:         "2015-08-18"
    platform:     "x86_64-darwin13"
    patchlevel:   "2015-08-18 revision 51636"
    full_version: "ruby 2.2.3p173 (2015-08-18 revision 51636) [x86_64-darwin13]"

  homes:
    gem:          "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0"
    ruby:         "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0"

  binaries:
    ruby:         "/usr/local/bin/ruby"
    irb:          "/usr/local/bin/irb"
    gem:          "/usr/local/bin/gem"
    rake:         "/usr/local/bin/rake"

  environment:
    PATH:         "/usr/local/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/bin"
    GEM_HOME:     "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0"
    GEM_PATH:     "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global"
    MY_RUBY_HOME: "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0"
    IRBRC:        "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/.irbrc"
    RUBYOPT:      ""
    gemset:       ""

这进一步使我感到困惑. rvm list rubies说我只有2.3.0，但是这里的版本设置为2.2.3.

So this confuses me even further. rvm list rubies says I have only 2.3.0, but my version here is set to 2.2.3.

我可以很清楚地看到我需要做什么，即(在我看来)在$ PATH开头设置了/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin.但是如何?

I can see pretty clearly what I need to do, which is (I think) set /Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin at the start of $PATH. But how?

推荐答案

假定您在/usr/local/bin中具有Ruby 2.2二进制文件，那么您绝对不希望在/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin前面使用此路径.

Assuming you have your Ruby 2.2 binary in /usr/local/bin, then you definitely do not want this path in front of your /Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin.

要确保前者在后者的前面

To ensure the former in front of the latter do

export PATH="/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH" 
export PATH="$HOME/.rvm/bin:$PATH"

在您的.bash_profile中.

另外一个注意事项-如果Ruby 2.2确实位于/usr/local/bin内，则意味着您仅可以从该路径中删除(或临时重命名)二进制文件，而不必重新排列$ PATH.

One additional note - if Ruby 2.2 is indeed inside of /usr/local/bin, that means you may just be able to remove (or temporarily rename) the binary from that path instead of re-arranging your $PATH.

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