如何运行单元测试的依赖到Android库模块？ [英] How to run unit tests with dependency to an Android library module?

问题描述

每当我试着在我的应用程序模块依赖于类从库模块类运行单元测试，我得到这样的：

Whenever I try to run unit-tests for classes in my app module that depend on classes from an library module, I get this:

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: de/ivu/junittest/DummyData
    at de.ivu.junittest.app.DummyModel.<init>(DummyModel.java:16)
    at DummyModelTest.testInstantiation(DummyModelTest.java:7)
    ...

在上面的示例， DummyData 是 LIB 模块的一部分，而 DummyModel 是应用模块的一部分。 DummyModel 有类型的成员 DummyData ，但在测试类实例化这个 DummyModelTest 将导致上述异常的测试时间。

In the above sample, DummyData is part of the lib module, while DummyModel is part of the app module. DummyModel has a member of type DummyData, but instantiating this in the test-class DummyModelTest causes the aforementioned exception at test-time.

这个项目的结构如下：

JUnitTestProject
    app [module]
         src
             main
                 java
                     de.ivu.junittest.app
                         DummyModel.java
                         ...
                 ...
             test
                 java
                     de.ivu.junittest.app
                         DummyModelTest.java
                 ...
    lib [module]
         src
             main
                 java
                     de.ivu.junittest
                         DummyData.java
                         ...
                 ...

的的build.gradle 为应用模块包含以下内容：

The build.gradle for the app module contains the following:

apply plugin: 'android'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 19
    buildToolsVersion "19.0.1"

    defaultConfig {
        minSdkVersion 7
        targetSdkVersion 19
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            runProguard false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.txt'
        }
    }
}

sourceSets {
    unitTest {
        java.srcDir file('src/test/java')
        resources.srcDir file('src/test/res')
    }
}

configurations {
    unitTestCompile.extendsFrom runtime
    unitTestRuntime.extendsFrom unitTestCompile
}

dependencies {
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:+'
    compile project (':lib')
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar', '*.aar'])

    unitTestCompile files("$project.buildDir/classes/release")
    unitTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.+'
    unitTestCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:2.+'
    unitTestCompile 'com.google.android:android:4.+'
    unitTestCompile project (':lib')
    unitTestCompile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar', '*.aar'])

    instrumentTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.+'
    instrumentTestCompile 'org.robolectric:robolectric:2.+'
}

task unitTest(type:Test, dependsOn: assemble) {
    testClassesDir = project.sourceSets.unitTest.output.classesDir
    classpath = project.sourceSets.unitTest.runtimeClasspath
}
check.dependsOn unitTest

和最后三个Java类的来源，从 DummyData ：

And finally the source of the three java-classes, starting with DummyData:

package de.ivu.junittest;

import android.util.Log;

public class DummyData {
    private int data;

    public int getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(int data) {
        this.data = data;
    }
}

的 DummyModel 类：

package de.ivu.junittest.app;

import android.util.Log;

import de.ivu.junittest.DummyData;

public class DummyModel {    
    private DummyData data = new DummyData();

    public void setData(int data) {
        this.data.setData(data);
    }

    public int getData() {
        return this.data.getData();
    }
}

最后， DummyModelTest ：

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.Test;

import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;

import de.ivu.junittest.app.DummyModel;

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class DummyModelTest {
    @Test
    public void testInstantiation() {
        DummyModel model = new DummyModel();
        model.setData(42);
        assertEquals(model.getData(), 42);
    }
}

试图十几家不同的事情后，任何帮助深表AP preciated。

After trying more than a dozen different things, any help is deeply appreciated.

推荐答案

关键是要添加其他模块的类目录的依赖。所以，你最终 unitTestCompile文件而不是 unitTestCompile项目：

The trick is to add the other modules' classes directories as dependency. So you end up with unitTestCompile files instead of unitTestCompile project:

dependencies {
    ...
    unitTestCompile files("../lib/classes/release")
    ...
}

不是很漂亮，也很直观，但它与我目前的设置工作（1.10摇篮，构建工具19.0.1和Android的摇篮 - 插件0.8）。

Not very beautiful, nor very intuitive, but it works with my current setup (Gradle 1.10, Build Tools 19.0.1, and Android-Gradle-plugin 0.8).

这篇关于如何运行单元测试的依赖到Android库模块？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！