Anaconda:永久包含外部软件包(例如PYTHONPATH中的软件包) [英] Anaconda: Permanently include external packages (like in PYTHONPATH)

问题描述

我知道如何使用conda install在Anaconda中安装软件包，以及如何安装 PyPi 上的软件包手册中所述.

I know how to install packages in Anaconda using conda install and also how to install packages that are on PyPi which is described in the manual.

但是如何将软件包/文件夹永久包含在Anaconda环境的PYTHONPATH中，以便可以导入我当前正在使用的代码，并且在重新启动后仍然可用?

But how can I permanently include packages/folders into the PYTHONPATH of an Anaconda environment so that code that I am currently working on can be imported and is still available after a reboot?

我当前的方法是使用sys:

import sys
sys.path.append(r'/path/to/my/package')

这不是很方便.

有任何提示吗?

提前谢谢！

推荐答案

我在 1.)将模块放入站点软件包中，即始终位于sys.path的目录$HOME/path/to/anaconda/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages中.通过创建符号链接，这也应该起作用.

1.) Put the modules into into site-packages, i.e. the directory $HOME/path/to/anaconda/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages which is always on sys.path. This should also work by creating a symbolic link.

2.)将.pth文件添加到目录$HOME/path/to/anaconda/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages.可以将其命名为任何名称(仅必须以.pth结尾). .pth文件只是用换行符分隔的目录完整路径名列表，该目录将在Python启动时添加到您的路径中.

2.) Add a .pth file to the directory $HOME/path/to/anaconda/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages. This can be named anything (it just must end with .pth). A .pth file is just a newline-separated listing of the full path-names of directories that will be added to your path on Python startup.

或者，如果您只想链接到特定的conda环境，则将.pth文件添加到~/anaconda3/envs/{NAME_OF_ENVIRONMENT}/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages/

Alternatively, if you only want to link to a particular conda environment then add the .pth file to ~/anaconda3/envs/{NAME_OF_ENVIRONMENT}/lib/pythonX.X/site-packages/

两者都很简单，我选择了第二个选项，因为它更灵活.

Both work straightforward and I went for the second option as it is more flexible.

***更新:

3.)使用 conda开发 i. e. conda-develop /path/to/module/添加按选项2)中所述创建.pth文件的模块.

3.) Use conda develop i. e. conda-develop /path/to/module/ to add the module which creates a .pth file as described under option 2.).

4.)在包的文件夹中创建 setup.py 并使用pip install -e /path/to/package进行安装，从我的角度来看，这是最干净的选择，因为您还可以使用pip list查看所有安装.请注意，选项-e允许编辑程序包代码.有关更多信息，请参见此处.

4.) Create a setup.py in the folder of your package and install it using pip install -e /path/to/package which is the cleanest option from my point of view because you can also see all installations using pip list. Note that the option -e allows to edit the package code. See here for more information.

还是谢谢！

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