AWK首先打印字段$ 2，然后打印字段$ 1 [英] AWK to print field $2 first, then field $1

问题描述

这里是输入(样本):

[e-mail]|com.emailclient.account
[e-mail]|com.socialsite.auth.account

我正在努力实现这一目标:

I'm trying to achieve this:

Emailclient [e-mail]
Socialsite [e-mail]

如果我这样使用AWK:

If I use AWK like this:

cat foo | awk 'BEGIN{FS="|"} {print $2 " " $1}'

通过将字段1覆盖在字段2的顶部来弄乱输出.

it messes up the output by overlaying field 1 on the top of field 2.

有任何提示/建议吗?谢谢.

Any tips/suggestions? Thank you.

推荐答案

几个常规提示(除了DOS行结尾问题):

cat用于连接文件，它不是唯一可以读取文件的工具！如果命令不读取文件，则使用command < file之类的重定向.

cat is for concatenating files, it's not the only tool that can read files! If a command doesn't read files then use redirection like command < file.

您可以使用-F选项设置字段分隔符，而不是:

You can set the field separator with the -F option so instead of:

cat foo | awk 'BEGIN{FS="|"} {print $2 " " $1}' 

尝试:

awk -F'|' '{print $2" "$1}' foo 

这将输出:

com.emailclient.account [e-mail]
com.socialsite.auth.accoun [e-mail]

要获得所需的输出，您可以执行多种操作.我可能会split()第二个字段:

To get the desired output you could do a variety of things. I'd probably split() the second field:

awk -F'|' '{split($2,a,".");print a[2]" "$1}' file
emailclient [e-mail]
socialsite [e-mail]

最后，要使第一个字符转换为大写字母，在awk中有点麻烦，因为您没有内置的ucfirst()函数:

Finally to get the first character converted to uppercase is a bit of a pain in awk as you don't have a nice built in ucfirst() function:

awk -F'|' '{split($2,a,".");print toupper(substr(a[2],1,1)) substr(a[2],2),$1}' file
Emailclient [e-mail]
Socialsite [e-mail]

如果您想要更简洁的内容(尽管您放弃了子流程)，则可以执行以下操作:

If you want something more concise (although you give up a sub-process) you could do:

awk -F'|' '{split($2,a,".");print a[2]" "$1}' file | sed 's/^./\U&/'
Emailclient [e-mail]
Socialsite [e-mail]

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