matplotlib:在次要标签下绘制主要刻度线标签 [英] matplotlib: draw major tick labels under minor labels

问题描述

这似乎应该很简单-但我看不到该怎么做:

This seems like it should be easy - but I can't see how to do it:

我在X轴上有时间图.我想设置两组刻度线，次要刻度线显示一天中的小时，主要刻度线显示日期/月份.所以我这样做:

I have a plot with time on the X-axis. I want to set two sets of ticks, minor ticks showing the hour of the day and major ticks showing the day/month. So I do this:

# set date ticks to something sensible:
xax = ax.get_xaxis()
xax.set_major_locator(dates.DayLocator())
xax.set_major_formatter(dates.DateFormatter('%d/%b'))

xax.set_minor_locator(dates.HourLocator(byhour=range(0,24,3)))
xax.set_minor_formatter(dates.DateFormatter('%H'))

这将勾号标记为ok，但是主要勾号标签(日/月)绘制在次要勾号标签的顶部:

This labels the ticks ok, but the major tick labels (day/month) are drawn on top of the minor tick labels:

如何强制将主要刻度标签绘制在次要标签下方?我尝试将换行符(\ n)放在DateFormatter中，但是由于垂直间距不太正确，所以这是一个较差的解决方案.

How do I force the major tick labels to get plotted below the minor ones? I tried putting newline escape characters (\n) in the DateFormatter, but it is a poor solution as the vertical spacing is not quite right.

任何建议将不胜感激！

推荐答案

您可以将axis方法set_tick_params()与关键字pad一起使用.比较下面的示例.

You can use axis method set_tick_params() with the keyword pad. Compare following example.

import datetime
import random
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.dates as dates

# make up some data
x = [datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=i) for i in range(100)]
y = [i+random.gauss(0,1) for i,_ in enumerate(x)]

# plot
plt.plot(x,y)
# beautify the x-labels
plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate()

ax = plt.gca()
# set date ticks to something sensible:
xax = ax.get_xaxis()
xax.set_major_locator(dates.DayLocator())
xax.set_major_formatter(dates.DateFormatter('%d/%b'))

xax.set_minor_locator(dates.HourLocator(byhour=range(0,24,3)))
xax.set_minor_formatter(dates.DateFormatter('%H'))
xax.set_tick_params(which='major', pad=15)

plt.show()

PS :此示例是从 moooeeeep

以下是上述代码段的呈现方式:

Here's how the above snippet would render:

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