Bash单行命令无需特定工具即可在LAN魔术包上发送唤醒 [英] Bash one-line command to send wake on LAN magic packet without specific tool

问题描述

是否可以伪造一个唤醒局域网魔术包，并仅通过单线打击命令将其发送?

Is it possible to forge a wake on LAN magic packet and send it in just a one-line bash command?

当然，我知道有专门的工具可以一口气解决问题，但是了解WOL锻造的最低要求可能会很有用.这是:如何在没有特定工具的情况下处理局域网唤醒 .

Of course, I know there are specific tools for doing this that solve the problem in one line, but it could be useful to know the minimal requirements for WOL forging. This is: how to deal with wake on LAN without specific tools.

推荐答案

最低要求，我可以考虑:

• Bash 支持括号扩展(我认为它是v3.5.1及更高版本).
• sed 命令(1).
• NetCat .

• Bash supporting brace expansion (I think it is v3.5.1 and above).
• The sed command (1).
• NetCat.

假设:

• 用于LAN的WOL程序包，广播到255.255.255.255.

命令行为:

echo -e $(echo $(printf 'f%.0s' {1..12}; printf "$(echo $MAC | sed 's/://g')%.0s" {1..16}) | sed -e 's/../\\x&/g') | nc -w1 -u -b 255.255.255.255 4000

用目标MAC替换$MAC.或者，这次是两行式的:-)命令:

Replace $MAC by the destination MAC. Or, this time in a two-liner :-) command:

MAC=11:22:33:44:55:66
echo -e $(echo $(printf 'f%.0s' {1..12}; printf "$(echo $MAC | sed 's/://g')%.0s" {1..16}) | sed -e 's/../\\x&/g') | nc -w1 -u -b 255.255.255.255 4000

因此，用一种更通用的符号表示:

So, in a more generic notation:

MAC=11:22:33:44:55:66
Broadcast=255.255.255.255
PortNumber=4000
echo -e $(echo $(printf 'f%.0s' {1..12}; printf "$(echo $MAC | sed 's/://g')%.0s" {1..16}) | sed -e 's/../\\x&/g') | nc -w1 -u -b $Broadcast $PortNumber

说明:

• WOL 魔术包由组成(ffffffffffff(f的12倍)，然后是目标MAC的16倍，没有冒号(:).
• 此处使用sed命令从MAC中删除冒号(:)，并添加\x 十六进制指定符(这样，变成\x11，22变成\x22 ...依此类推)，然后再将字符串发送到网络堆栈.
• 伪造的LAN唤醒程序包被发送到网络堆栈将其插入NetCat .可以改用 SoCat (语法当然会有所不同).

• The WOL magic packet is composed of ffffffffffff (12 times f) followed by 16 times the destination MAC without colons (:).
• The sed command is used here to remove colons (:) from the MAC and to add the \x hex specificator (so that 11 becomes \x11, 22 becomes \x22 ... and so on) prior to sending the string to the network stack.
• The forged wake on LAN package is sent to the network stack piping it to NetCat. SoCat can be used instead (syntax will differ, of course).

在Ubuntu，Kali甚至CygWin(Windows 7 SP 1 64位)上测试了工作.

Tested working on Ubuntu, Kali and even CygWin (Windows 7 SP 1 64 bits ).

要考虑的问题:

• CygWin的NetCat 版本不需要-b参数.
• NetCat的OpenBSD版本在今天(2015年7月)的广播数据发送(-b)上有一个 bug ，因此您必须将其替换为NetCat传统版本(位于上的netcat-traditional软件包) apt-get安装程序.)
• 此示例使用 UDP端口 4.000. 特定端口号在WOL上似乎并不重要.
• 上面的单行bash命令对于通过Internet 在LAN上唤醒也应该起作用.在这种情况下，将$Broadcast地址替换为目标公用IP，然后在目标上打开/转发指定的$PortNumber(UDP).
• echo -e可以替换为printf.

• CygWin's NetCat version doesn't need for -b parameter.
• NetCat's OpenBSD version has a bug as for today (Juy 2015) on broadcast data sending (-b), so you will have to replace it by NetCat Traditional version (netcat-traditional package on apt-get installers).
• This example uses UDP port 4.000. The specific port number seems not to be important on WOL.
• The above one-line bash command should work too for wake on LAN via internet. In this case replace $Broadcast address by the destination public IP, and open/forward the specified $PortNumber (UDP) on destination.
• echo -e can be replaced by printf.

上例中的WOL魔术包字符串:

WOL magic packet string for the above example:

FFFFFFFFFFFF112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566112233445566

(1)确实，并没有明确要求sed.它用于删除':'并将\x添加到魔术包伪造字符串中的每对字符.我知道有一些方法可以通过一些shell扩展替换sed.

(1) Well, indeed, sed is not explicitly required. It is used here to remove ':' and add \x to each pair of characters in the magic packet's forged string. I know there are ways to replace sed by some shell expansion or so.

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