Bash脚本删除除特定文件和目录之外的所有文件和目录 [英] Bash script to remove all files and directories except specific ones

问题描述

我正在尝试编写一个非常简单的Bash shell脚本，该脚本将在特定目录中进行cd安装，它将删除所有文件和目录(除了一些选定的文件和目录之外)，然后将其cd返回到原始目录.

我的代码是:

#!/bin/bash 
cd /path/to/desired/directory
shopt -s extglob
rm !\(filename1\|filename2\|filename3\) -rf
cd -

我尝试了多种写法，用单引号或双引号或反斜杠来写符号'('和'|'，但没有任何效果.请注意，shopt -s extglob和rm !(filename1|filename2) -rf在脚本之外也可以正常工作.

可能我犯了一个我看不见的标准和基本的bash脚本错误，但是经验将要来临...

有什么建议！? 预先感谢.

解决方案

我马上就能看到两个问题:

• rm的-rf参数必须在文件名之前
• extglob指示符!，(，|和)不应 用反斜杠转义

尝试以下方法:

rm -rf !(filename1|filename2|filename3)

如果仍然不起作用，请删除-f参数，您将收到有关发生问题的错误消息，而不是默默地抑制它们.要打印出每个已删除文件的名称，您还可以添加-v选项.

I am trying to write a very simple Bash shell script that will cd in a specific directory, it will remove all files and directories except some few selected ones and then cd back to the original dir.

My code is:

#!/bin/bash 
cd /path/to/desired/directory
shopt -s extglob
rm !\(filename1\|filename2\|filename3\) -rf
cd -

I have tried many different ways to write the symbols '(' and '|', with single or double quotes or backslash but nothing worked. Note, that shopt -s extgloband rm !(filename1|filename2) -rf work fine outside a script.

Probably I am committing a standard and fundamental bash-scripting error that I cannot see, but experience is to come...

Any suggestions!? Thanks in advance.

解决方案

Two problems I can see right off the bat:

• The -rf argument to rm must come before the filenames
• The extglob specifiers !, (, | and ) should not be escaped with backslashes

Try this instead:

rm -rf !(filename1|filename2|filename3)

If it's still not working, remove the -f argument, and you'll get error messages about what's going wrong instead of silently suppressing them. To print out the name of each file removed, you can add the -v option as well.

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