如何将命令作为ssh的参数传递 [英] How to pass commands as arguments to ssh

问题描述

我需要使此命令起作用:

My need is to make this command work:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \" psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'\"

但是结果表明*被Shell扩展，并且所有匹配的文件都作为参数传递给psql命令.因此，我研究了如何保护命令以免被扩展，但没有成功.

But the result indicates that * is expanded by the shell and all matching files are passed as arguments to the psql command. So I searched how to protect the command from being expanded, but without success.

我的实验给了我以下结果.

My experimentations gave me the following results.

A-以下命令有效，TOTO显示在我的外壳上

A - The following command works, TOTO is displayed on my shell

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \"echo TOTO\"

B-以下命令不起作用，我的外壳上显示空白行

B - The following command doesn't work, a blank line is displayed on my shell

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c "echo TOTO"

C-这有效，显示ls的结果.我不明白为什么它行得通，但情况B不行?

C - This works, the result of ls is displayed. I don't understand why it works but not case B ?

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c "ls"

D-这行得通，我有预期的结果

D - This works, I have the expected result

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c \" psql -d crawl-configuration -c \'select version from schema_version\' \"

E-在主机上执行此命令而不会通过ssh传递

E - Execution of this command on the host without passing by ssh works

sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container /bin/bash -c " psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'"

使我的第一个命令起作用的解决方案是什么?

What is the solution to make my first command work ?

推荐答案

我会这样说:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 \
  "sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container \
  /bin/bash -c \"psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'\""

将ssh要执行的整个命令用双引号引起来，然后在命令中用双引号转义.

Double quote the whole command to be executed by ssh, then escape double quotes within the command.

或者，使用here-doc:

Alternatively, use a here-doc:

sshpass -p XXXX ssh -T -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no wsuser@192.168.0.100 <<-'EOF'
    sudo docker exec -u postgres postgres-container \
    /bin/bash -c "psql -d crawl-configuration -c 'select * from schema_version'"
EOF

由于带引号的'EOF'分隔符，因此无需引用. -T禁止分配伪终端.

No quoting needed because of the quoted 'EOF' delimiter. The -T disables allocation of a pseudo-terminal.

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