流是什么意思？有什么特点？ [英] What does stream mean? What are its characteristics?

问题描述

C ++ 和 C＃都使用 stream 一词来命名许多类。

C++ and C# both use the word stream to name many classes.

• C ++ ： iostream ， istream ， ostream ， stringstream ， ostream_iterator ， istream_iterator ...


• C＃： Stream ， FileStream ， MemoryStream ， BufferedStream ...

• C++: iostream, istream, ostream, stringstream, ostream_iterator, istream_iterator...
• C#: Stream, FileStream,MemoryStream, BufferedStream...

所以我很想知道， stream 是什么意思？
流的特征是什么？
我什么时候可以用这个术语来命名我的班级？
这仅限于文件I / O类吗？

So it made me curious to know, what does stream mean? What are the characteristics of a stream? When can I use this term to name my classes? Is this limited to file I/O classes only?

有趣的是，到目前为止， C 不在任何地方使用此单词据我所知。

Interestingly, C doesn’t use this word anywhere, as far as I know.

推荐答案

许多数据结构（列表，集合等）都充当容器 -他们持有一组对象。但不是溪流；如果列表是一个桶，则流是一条软管。您可以从流中提取数据，也可以将数据推入流中-但通常仅一次，并且只能沿一个方向（当然也有例外）。例如，网络上的TCP数据就是流；您可以发送（或接收）大块数据，但只能与另一台计算机连接，并且通常只能发送一次-您不能倒带Internet。

Many data-structures (lists, collections, etc) act as containers - they hold a set of objects. But not a stream; if a list is a bucket, then a stream is a hose. You can pull data from a stream, or push data into a stream - but normally only once and only in one direction (there are exceptions of course). For example, TCP data over a network is a stream; you can send (or receive) chunks of data, but only in connection with the other computer, and usually only once - you can't rewind the Internet.

流可以还操纵通过它们的数据；压缩流，加密流等。但是，这里的隐喻是数据的软管。文件通常也以流的形式（在某种程度上）访问。您可以访问顺序数据块。当然，大多数文件系统还提供随机访问，因此流确实提供了诸如查找，位置，长度之类的内容-但并非所有实现都支持这种功能。寻找一些流或获取打开的套接字的长度没有任何意义。

Streams can also manipulate data passing through them; compression streams, encryption streams, etc. But again - the underlying metaphor here is a hose of data. A file is also generally accessed (at some level) as a stream; you can access blocks of sequential data. Of course, most file systems also provide random access, so streams do offer things like Seek, Position, Length etc - but not all implementations support such. It has no meaning to seek some streams, or get the length of an open socket.

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