让编译器检查数组初始化程序的数量 [英] Have compiler check the number of array initializers

问题描述

使用少于元素数量的初始化程序初始化数组（在C ++中，但是任何适用于C的解决方案也可能在这里工作）完全合法：

Initializing an array (in C++, but any solution which works for C will likely work here as well) with less initializers than it has elements is perfectly legal:

int array[10] = { 1, 2, 3 };

但是，这可能是晦涩的bug的来源。有没有办法让编译器（gcc）检查一个特定数组的初始化程序数量，并在声明且实际大小不匹配时发出警告甚至错误？

However, this can be a source of obscure bugs. Is there a way to have the compiler (gcc) check the number of initializers for one specific array, and emit a warning or even an error if declared and actual size don't match?

我知道我可以使用 int array [] = {1，2，3}; 然后可以使用涉及 sizeof（数组）来验证我的期望。但是我在其他翻译单元中使用了 array ，因此我必须用一个明确的大小声明它。因此，这个技巧对我不起作用。

I know I can use int array[] = { 1, 2, 3 }; and could then use static assertions involving sizeof(array) to verify my expectation there. But I'm using array in other translation units, so I have to declare it with an explicit size. So this trick won't work for me.

推荐答案

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如果数组中的值对于系统的正确功能很重要，并且结尾处的零初始化值会导致错误，那么我将添加一个单元测试以验证数组包含正确的数据，而不是尝试在代码中强制执行。

If the values in the array are important to the correct functionality of the system, and having zero-initialized values at the end causes bugs, then I would just add a unit test to verify the array contains the right data, instead of trying to enforce it in the code.

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