Python-在具有独立处理的循环中创建对象实例 [英] Python- creating object instances in a loop with independent handling

问题描述

我有一个简单的选举程序。要求如下：

I have a simple election program. The following are the requirements:

1. 班级政治家


2. 随机投票。



3. 以政客人数作为用户输入。

1. class Politician
2. Randomized votes.

3. Taking number of politicians as input from user.

num_politicians = input("The number of politicians: ")

循环并创建实例

Looping and creating instances

names = []
for x in range(num_politicians):
    new_name = input("Name: ")
    while new_name in names:
        new_name = input("Please enter another name: ")
    names.append(new_name)

    #### This part is the crux of my problem
    ### Create instances of the Politician class
    #### I want to do this in a way so that i can independently 
    #### handle each instance when i randomize and assign votes

我看过：

1. 如何在循环中创建不同的变量名？ （Python）


2. Python：在循环中创建对象的实例

1. How do you create different variable names while in a loop? (Python)
2. Python: Create instance of an object in a loop

但是我找不到我的解决方案问题

However I could not find a solution to my problem

政治家课如下：

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name + ": " + str(self.votes)

所需的输出：

>>> The Number of politicians: 3
>>> Name: John
>>> Name: Joseph
>>> Name: Mary
>>> Processing...
(I use time.sleep(1.0) here)
>>> Mary: 8 votes
>>> John: 2 votes
>>> Joseph: 1 vote

我在一个陈述中的问题

我想在for循环中创建类实例，这样我可以为他们随机分配票数（我想这将要求我独立处理实例。）

I want to create class instances in the for-loop in such a way that i can assign them votes randomly (This would, I suppose, require me to independently handle instances.)

任何帮助将不胜感激。

推荐答案

您可以将实例存储在列表：

You can store your instances in a list:

politicians = []
for name in 'ABC':
    politicians.append(Politician(name))

现在您可以访问单个实例：

Now you can access individual instances:

>>> politicians[0].name
'A'

我使用了您课程的修改版本如果没有提供，则为每个政治家提供默认年龄：

I used a modified version of your class that gives each politician a default age if no is provided:

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name, age=45):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name + ": " + str(self.votes)

现在您可以使用政客列表：

Now you can work with your list of politicians:

print('The Number of politicians: {}'.format(len(politicians)))

张照片：

The Number of politicians: 3

此

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

印刷品：

A: 0
B: 0
C: 0

分配随机投票：

import random

for x in range(100):
    pol = random.choice(politicians)
    pol.votes += 1

现在：

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

打印：

A: 35
B: 37
C: 28

整个程序：

# Assuming Python 3.

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name, age=45):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return '{}: {} votes'.format(self.name, self.votes)

num_politicians = int(input("The number of politicians: "))
politicians = []
for n in range(num_politicians):
    if n == 0:
        new_name = input("Please enter a name: ")
    else:
        new_name = input("Please enter another name: ")
    politicians.append(Politician(new_name))

print('The Number of politicians: {}'.format(len(politicians)))
for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

print('Processing ...')
for x in range(100):
    pol = random.choice(politicians)
    pol.votes += 1

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

用法：

The number of politicians: 3
Please enter a name: John
Please enter another name: Joseph
Please enter another name: Mary
The Number of politicians: 3
John: 0 votes
Joseph: 0 votes
Mary: 0 votes
Processing ...
John: 25 votes
Joseph: 39 votes
Mary: 36 votes

更新

如@martineau所建议的现实生活中的问题，字典将对
更为有用。

UPDATE

As @martineau suggests, for real-live problems a dictionary would be more useful.

创建字典而不是列表：

politicians = {}

，然后在循环中添加实例时，将名称作为关键字：

and in the loop us the name as key when you add your instance:

politicians[new_name] = Politician(new_name)

这篇关于Python-在具有独立处理的循环中创建对象实例的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！