如何使用Bash shell命令使npm项目在Windows上工作？ [英] How can I make npm projects with Bash shell commands work on Windows?

问题描述

我最近接手的一个项目上有一些NPM脚本，像这样：

I have some NPM scripts on a project i recently took over that go like this:

{
    "package": "yarn package-common && mv './dist/APP® TV.wgt' ''./package/$(yarn -s filename)''",
    "package-common": "tizen package -t wgt -s APP -- ./dist && rimraf package && mkdir package",
    "filename": "cross-env-shell echo APP_${npm_package_version}.wgt",
}

此项目是某人在MAC上编写的。我如何将以下部分转换为可正常运行的Powershell / cmd命令？我还没有发现任何关于此的信息。它运行命令，并将回显的值附加到从其调用的字符串中。

This project was written by someone on a MAC. How can i translate the following part into a functioning Powershell / cmd command? I havent found anything anywhere about this. It runs the command and the echoed value gets appended to the string it got called from.

''./package/$(yarn -s filename)''

甚至更好，除了此程序包可以跨平台运行吗？

Or even better, is there a way besides this package to do it cross-platform?

当前在运行yarn包时在powershell中获得输出的消息是：

Currently the message that gets output in powershell when running yarn package is:

'' was unexpected at this time.

推荐答案

您跨跨平台的基本选择没有平台专用脚本的是：

• 在Windows上也使用Bash ：

• 通过运行npm脚本/ Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux rel = noreferrer> WSL ，并使用通常包含在 package.json 中的现有Bash命令文件，例如您的情况。

• Run your npm scripts from Bash via WSL and use the existing Bash commands typically contained in package.json files, such as in your case.

或者，使用 安装了Windows版Git ，将npm配置为使用 bash.exe 作为调用命令的外壳-请参见此答案 [npm v5.1 +]。

Alternatively, with Git for Windows installed, configure npm to use bash.exe as the shell for invoking commands - see this answer [npm v5.1+].

在以下位置安装 PowerShell Core 所有平台（包括Windows），并将命令定义为PowerShell命令（见下文）[npm v5.1 +]。

Install PowerShell Core on all your platforms (including Windows), and define the commands as PowerShell commands (see below) [npm v5.1+].

请注意此处的npm版本版本要求（5.1或更高版本），这是由于使用特定外壳程序的配置选项（ script-shell ）在早期版本中不可用。运行 npm -v 获取已安装的版本，并运行
npm install -g npm 进行更新。

Note the npm version version requirement (version 5.1 or higher) where noted, due to the configuration option to use a specific shell (script-shell) not being available in earlier versions. Run npm -v to get the installed version, and
npm install -g npm to update, if possible.

• 安装 PowerShell Core。

• Install PowerShell Core.

然后将npm配置为使用PowerShell Core作为外壳（需要npm 5.1或更高版本）：

Then configure npm to use PowerShell Core as the shell (requires npm version 5.1 or higher):

• 对于 all 您的项目或全局：

npm config set script-shell pwsh [--global]

仅对于给定项目（从该项目的根目录）：

For a given project only (from that project's root directory):

npm config set script-shell pwsh --userconfig ./.npmrc

最后，在项目的 package.json 的脚本键中，定义的命令作为PowerShell命令。

Finally, in your projects' package.json's scripts key, define the commands as PowerShell commands.

在当前情况下：

例如，翻译此Bash命令：

For instance, translate this Bash command:

yarn package-common && mv './dist/APP® TV.wgt' "./package/$(yarn -s filename)"

^{注意：我已将''替换为 ，因为后者更有意义；如最初所写，''被Bash有效丢弃，命令替换的结果 $（yarn-}

^{Note: I've replaced '' with ", because the latter make more sense; as originally written, the '' are effectively discarded by Bash, and the result of command substitution $(yarn -s filename) could break the command if it contained whitespace.}

此PowerShell命令的

to this PowerShell command:

yarn package-common; if ($?) { mi './dist/APP® TV.wgt' "./package/$(yarn -s filename)" }

注意：

• 从v6.2.0开始，PowerShell缺少Bash样式的&& 和 || 运算符，因此使用 if（$？）来显式检查先前命令的成功执行-请参见在GitHub上的建议使PowerShell支持& ;& 和 ||| 。

• As of v6.2.0, PowerShell lacks Bash-style && and || operators, hence the use of if ($?) to check for successful execution of the previous command explicitly - see this suggestion on GitHub for making PowerShell support && and || too.

mi 是 Move-Item cmdlet的内置别名。

mi is a built-in alias for the Move-Item cmdlet.

虽然也可以从PowerShell调用脚本 ，但这不是必需的-从 cmd.exe 或批处理文件中调用

While it makes sense to call your scripts from PowerShell also, that's not a requirement - calling from cmd.exe or a batch file will work too.

要开始使用PowerShell Core，请参见学习PowerShell ；另外， http://hyperpolyglot.org/shell 将类似于POSIX的shell（例如Bash）的语法与 cmd.exe 和PowerShell以简明的表格形式。

To get started with PowerShell Core, see Learning PowerShell; also, http://hyperpolyglot.org/shell juxtaposes the syntax of POSIX-like shells such as Bash with that of cmd.exe and PowerShell in concise, tabular form.

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