如何在MySQL中优先搜索多个列？ [英] How to search multiple columns with priority in MySQL?

问题描述

我目前有一个PHP函数（codeigniter），该函数接受一个查询字符串（来自帖子），并返回相关的MySQL行，如下所示：

I currently have a PHP function (codeigniter) which takes a query string (from post), and returns relevant MySQL rows, like this:

$term = $this->input->post("query");
$rows = $this->db->query("SELECT id, title as 'desc' , abbreviation , etc FROM shows WHERE abbreviation LIKE '%".$term."%' OR title LIKE '%".$term."%' OR etc LIKE '%".$term."%'  LIMIT 10; ")->result_array();

这可行，但是可以说我的表是这样的：

this works, but lets say my table is like this :

id  title                    abbreviation
--  ----------------------   ------------
1   The Big Bang Theory      TBBT
2   How I Met Your Mother    HMYM
3   a show called tbbt hmym  ASCTM

现在，当用户搜索 tbbt 时，它将首先返回第三行。但是我希望缩写是主要参数。

Now, when the user searches for tbbt, it returns 3rd row first. But I want the abbreviation to be the "main" parameter.

因此，如果缩写匹配，请先返回它，然后查找标题列。

So if abbreviation matches, return it first, then look for the title column.

我想我可以用PHP做到这一点，

I think I can do it with PHP, like this:

// pseudo-code : 
$abbreviation_matches = result("bla bla WHERE abbreviation LIKE term AND NOT title like term");
$title_matches = result("bla bla WHERE NOT abbreviation LIKE term AND title LIKE term");
$result = append($abbreviation_matches , $title_matches);

但是我担心这不会那么有效，因为它涉及2个独立的SQL查询。那么，有没有更有效的方法可以做到这一点？最好在一个查询中？

But I'm afraid this will not be so efficient, since it involves 2 separate SQL queries. So is there a more efficient way to do this? Preferrably in one query ?

实际情况是有4列，但是只有一列具有优先级，因此其他列的顺序并不重要。

And the real case is with 4 columns, but only one column has priority, so the other ones are not important in order.

谢谢您的帮助！

推荐答案

这可能是解决方案之一：

It could be one of the solutions:

SELECT id, desc, abbreviation, etc FROM
( 
   SELECT 1 AS rnk,  id, title as 'desc' , abbreviation , etc FROM shows 
   WHERE abbreviation LIKE '%".$term."%'
   UNION 
   SELECT 2 AS rnk,  id, title as 'desc' , abbreviation , etc FROM shows 
   WHERE title LIKE '%".$term."%' 
) tab
ORDER BY rnk
LIMIT 10;

或者您可以通过以下方式实现相同目的：

Or you can achieve the same by the following:

SELECT  id, desc, abbreviation, etc FROM
(
    SELECT CASE WHEN abbreviation LIKE '%".$term."%' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END As rnk,
    id, title AS desc, abbreviation, etc 
    FROM shows 
    WHERE abbreviation LIKE '%".$term."%' 
    OR title LIKE '%".$term."%' 
) tab
 ORDER BY rnk
 LIMIT 10;

这篇关于如何在MySQL中优先搜索多个列？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！