如何使用硒同时打开多个Firefox实例而不清除缓存和cookie [英] How to use selenium to open multiple instances Firefox simultaneously without clearing cache and cookie

问题描述

我有一个代码，可从Facebook UID抓取朋友列表。它确实有效，但要花费很长时间才能抓取整个列表。因此，我想通过使用多处理和Selenium Grid来加快速度。以下是我使用的方法：

I have a code which scrape friend list from Facebook UID. It worked but it takes a long time to scrape a whole list. So, I want to speed it up by using multiprocessing and Selenium Grid. The following is the approach I use:

1. 使用帐户登录Facebook


2. 使用5个实例打开Firefox相同的缓存和Cookie（因此我无需再次登录）


3. 同时从5个不同的UID中抓取朋友列表。 1个实例/ 1个UID

这是我的代码，但是不起作用

This is my code but it doesn't work

import multiprocessing
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from selenium import webdriver

def friend_uid_list(uid, driver):
    driver.get('https://www.facebook.com/' + uid + '/friends')
    //scrape friend list
    target.close()

def g(arg):
    return friend_uid_list(*arg)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("https://www.facebook.com/")
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#email").send_keys("[e-mail]")
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#pass").send_keys("password")
    driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#u_0_m").click()

    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(5)
    pool.map(g, [(100004159542140,driver),(100004159542140,driver),(100004159542140,driver)])

那么，您能告诉我如何使用Selenium Grid同时使用多个实例吗？我进行了很多搜索，但不知道如何将其实现到我的代码中。谢谢：）

So, can you show me how to use Selenium Grid to use multiple instances simultaneously ? I searched a lot but don't know how to implement it to my code. Thank you :)

推荐答案

这是不使用硒网格的另一种方法。

Here is another approach without using selenium grid.

此方法将打开5个Firefox实例，以及每个实例上的3个窗口。 cookie是从主实例复制过来的。

This approach opens 5 firefox instances, as well as 3 windows on each instance. The cookies are copied over from the main instance.

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import multiprocessing
display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()
d = webdriver.Firefox()

def friend_uid_list(uid, driver):
    values = []
    for handle in driver.window_handles:
        driver.switch_to_window(handle)
        # driver.wait_for_element() etc etc
        values.append(driver.find_element_by_id('#something'))
        # scrape elements
    return values

def g(arg):
    return friend_uid_list(*arg)

启动实例并登录：

d = webdriver.Firefox()
d.get("https://www.facebook.com/")
d.find_element_by_css_selector("#email").send_keys("[e-mail]")
d.find_element_by_css_selector("#pass").send_keys("password")
d.find_element_by_css_selector("#loginbutton").click()

启动多个实例：

drivers = [webdriver.Firefox(), webdriver.Firefox(), webdriver.Firefox(), webdriver.Firefox()]

复制 localStorage ：

localstorage_kv = d.execute_script("var obj={};for (var i=0,len=localStorage.length;i<len;++i){obj[localStorage.key(i)]=localStorage.getItem(localStorage.key(i));};return obj")

复制cookie和 localStorage ：

for e in drivers:
    e.get("https://www.facebook.com/")
    for x in d.get_cookies():
        e.add_cookie(x)
    for k, v in localstorage_kv.items():
        e.execute_script('localStorage.setItem("{}", {})'.format(k,v))
    e.refresh() # should be logged in now

添加初始驱动程序返回驱动程序数组：

Add the initial driver back into the drivers array:

drivers.append(d)

然后遍历uid：

uids = [100004159542140, 100004159542140, 100004159542140, 100004159542140, 100004159542140, 100004159542140]
pool = multiprocessing.Pool(5)

while uids:
    for driver in drivers:
        if len(driver.window_handles) == 1:
            driver.execute_script('window.open("https://www.facebook.com/' + uids.pop() + '/friends")')            
            driver.execute_script('window.open("https://www.facebook.com/' + uids.pop() + '/friends")')            
        else:
            for handle in driver.window_handles:
                handle.get("https://www.facebook.com/" + uids.pop() + "/friends")
    return_values = pool.map(g, drivers)
    import pdb;pdb.set_trace()

如果您真的想跨节点共享cookie在硒g上摆脱外观：

If you really want to share the cookies across nodes on a selenium grid look:

• 在硒网格上创建并上传文件


• 如何使用python selenium webdriver保存和加载Cookie


• http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/getting-started.html#selenium -remote-webdriver

• Create and upload a file on selenium grid
• How to save and load cookies using python selenium webdriver
• http://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/getting-started.html#selenium-remote-webdriver

这大致上是指腌制 localStorage 和 cookies 并将其传输到每个节点，然后从那里将cookie读入每个节点上的每个实例。

Which roughly means pickle the localStorage and cookies and transfer that to each node, from there then read the cookie into each instance on each node.

这篇关于如何使用硒同时打开多个Firefox实例而不清除缓存和cookie的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！