如何在不重复代码的情况下变异多个变量？ [英] How to mutate multiple variables without repeating codes?

问题描述

我正尝试从现有变量创建新变量，如下所示：

I'm trying to create new variables from existing variables like below:

a1+a2=a3, b1+b2=b3, ..., z1+z2=z3

以下是示例数据框

df <- data.frame(replicate(10,sample(1:10)))
colnames(df) <- c("a1","a2","b1","b2","c1","c2","d1","d2","e1","e2")

这是我的重复代码解决方案

Here's my solution with repeating codes

# a solution by base R
df$a3 <- df$a1 + df$a2
df$b3 <- df$b1 + df$b2
df$c3 <- df$c1 + df$c2
df$d3 <- df$d1 + df$d2
df$e3 <- df$e1 + df$e2

或

# a solution by dplyr
library(dplyr)
df <- df %>%
  mutate(a3 = a1+a2,
         b3 = b1+b2,
         c3 = c1+c2,
         d3 = d1+d2,
         e3 = e1+d2)

或

# a solution by data.table
library(data.table)
DT <- data.table(df)
DT[,a3:=a1+a2][,b3:=b1+b2][,c3:=c1+c2][,d3:=d1+d2][,e3:=e1+e2]

实际上我有多个100个变量，所以我想找到一种无需重复执行代码的方法...尽管我尝试将mutate_与标准评估和正则表达式配合使用，但由于我是R语言的新手，我迷失了方向。您可以对多个变量进行突变吗？

Actually I have more than 100 variables, so I want to find a way to do so without repeating code... Although I tried to use mutate_ with standard evaluation and regular expression, I lost my way because I'm a newbie in R. Can you mutate multiple variables without repeating code?

推荐答案

我的 data.table 解决方案： p>

My data.table solution:

sapply(c("a", "b", "c", "d", "e"), function(ll) 
  df[ , paste0(ll, 3) := get(paste0(ll, 1)) + get(paste0(ll, 2))])
df[]
#     a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2 d1 d2 e1 e2 a3 b3 c3 d3 e3
#  1:  5  2  2  6  4  1 10  7  3  9  7  8  5 17 12
#  2:  4  8  7  3  3  7  9  6  9  7 12 10 10 15 16
#  3: 10  7  6 10  1  9  4  1  2  4 17 16 10  5  6
#  4:  3  4  1  7  6  4  7  4  7  5  7  8 10 11 12
#  5:  8  3  4  2  2  2  3  3  4 10 11  6  4  6 14
#  6:  6  6  5  1  8 10  1 10  5  3 12  6 18 11  8
#  7:  2 10  8  9  5  6  2  5 10  2 12 17 11  7 12
#  8:  1  1 10  8  9  5  6  9  6  8  2 18 14 15 14
#  9:  9  5  3  5 10  3  5  2  1  6 14  8 13  7  7
# 10:  7  9  9  4  7  8  8  8  8  1 16 13 15 16  9

或更广泛地说：

sapply(c("a", "b", "c", "d", "e"), function(ll) 
  df[ , paste0(ll, 3) := Reduce(`+`, mget(paste0(ll, 1:2)))])

如果所有变量都符合以 1 或 2 结尾的模式，则可以尝试：

If all of the variables fit the pattern of ending with 1 or 2, you might try:

stems = unique(gsub("[0-9]", "", names(df)))

然后 sapply（stems，...）

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