解析时区并转换为夏令时 [英] parse time zone and convert to daylight saving time

问题描述

我有一个带有 Datetime 列的熊猫数据框：

I have a pandas dataframe with a Datetime column:

         Datetime
0        2019-01-01 17:02:00
1        2019-01-01 17:03:00
2        2019-01-01 17:04:00
3        2019-01-01 17:05:00
...

日期时间不含东部标准时间（EST）夏令时调整（python不知道这一点）。我需要通过夏令时调整将日期时间转换为美国中部（芝加哥）。我该怎么做，即：

The datetimes are in Eastern Standard Time (EST) WITHOUT Daylight savings adjustments (python doesn't know this). I need to convert the datetimes to US Central (Chicago) WITH Daylight savings adjustments. How can I do this, i.e.:

1. 告诉python日期时间在EST中且没有DST


2. 将DST到CT的日期时间

推荐答案

回顾：您基本上拥有的日期时间对象是UTC-4 （EST），就不会过渡到EDT（UTC-5）。

Recap: you basically have datetime objects which are UTC-4 (EST), there is no transition to EDT (UTC-5).

因此，您可以通过添加4小时的timedelta将本地日期时间本地化为UTC，然后转换为CT：

What you could therefore do is localize from naive datetime to UTC by adding a timedelta of 4 hours and subsequently convert to CT:

import pandas as pd

# df with naive datetime objects that represent US/Eastern without DST
df = pd.DataFrame({'DateTime': pd.to_datetime(['2019-03-10 02:00:00',
                                               '2019-03-10 03:00:00',
                                               '2019-03-10 04:00:00'])})

# to UTC; EST is 4 hours behind UTC
df['DateTime_UTC'] = df['DateTime'].dt.tz_localize('UTC') + pd.Timedelta(hours=4)

# now convert from UTC to US/Central, UTC-6 with DST, -5 w/o DST
df['DateTime_CT'] = df['DateTime_UTC'].dt.tz_convert('US/Central')

# df['DateTime_CT']
# 0   2019-03-10 00:00:00-06:00
# 1   2019-03-10 01:00:00-06:00
# 2   2019-03-10 03:00:00-05:00
# Name: DateTime_CT, dtype: datetime64[ns, US/Central]

该示例包含DST过渡不存在的日期时间（ 2019-03-10 02:00:00 ）。从UTC转换为CT后，表示DST转换； 2019-03-10 01:00:00 -> 2019-03-10 03:00:00 。

The example contains datetimes that would not exist with DST transition (2019-03-10 02:00:00). After the conversion to UTC to CT, DST transition is represented; 2019-03-10 01:00:00 -> 2019-03-10 03:00:00.

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