Django上静态STATIC_URL和STATIC_ROOT之间的区别 [英] Difference between static STATIC_URL and STATIC_ROOT on Django

问题描述

我对静态根感到困惑，并想澄清一些事情。

I am confused by static root and want to clarify things.

要在Django中提供静态文件，以下应位于 settings.py 和 urls.py 中：

To serve static files in Django, the following should be in settings.py and urls.py:

import os
PROJECT_DIR=os.path.dirname(__file__)

1。静态文件应该收集到的目录的绝对路径

1. Absolute path to the directory in which static files should be collected

STATIC_ROOT= os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static_media/')

2。静态文件的URL前缀

2. URL prefix for static files

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

3。静态文件的其他位置

3. Additional locations for static files

STATICFILES_DIRS = ( os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static/'),)

...以及 urls.py 中的以下行：

...and in urls.py the following lines:

from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
urlpatterns += patterns('', (
    r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$',
    'django.views.static.serve',
    {'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT}
))

4。我们还使用 python manage.py collectstatic

问题：

4. We also use python manage.py collectstatic

Questions:

1. 有人可以向我解释工作流程：理想情况下应该如何做。到目前为止，我将上述代码段复制/粘贴到它们的指定位置，并继续在静态目录中创建新文件，并且可以正常工作。但是，在我的 settings.STATIC_ROOT 中，我指向了另一个目录。

1. Could anyone please explain the workflow to me: how should things ideally be done. As of now, I copy/paste the above code snippets into their designated locations and continue making new files in the static directory and it works. In my settings.STATIC_ROOT, however, I have pointed to a different directory.

如果有人可以解释每种设置的工作流程，那就太好了：文件的收集和管理方式以及遵循的良好做法。

It would be great if someone could explain the workflow of each setting: how files are collected and managed, and what would be a good practice to follow.

谢谢。

推荐答案

STATIC_ROOT

STATIC_ROOT

绝对 ./ manage.py collectstatic 将收集用于部署的静态文件的目录的路径。
示例： STATIC_ROOT = / var / www / example.com / static /

The absolute path to the directory where ./manage.py collectstatic will collect static files for deployment. Example: STATIC_ROOT="/var/www/example.com/static/"

现在命令。/manage.py collectstatic 将复制所有静态文件（即应用程序中的静态文件夹） （所有路径中的静态文件）到目录 /var/www/example.com/static / 。现在您只需要在apache或nginx..etc上提供此目录。

now the command ./manage.py collectstatic will copy all the static files(ie in static folder in your apps, static files in all paths) to the directory /var/www/example.com/static/. now you only need to serve this directory on apache or nginx..etc.

URL ，其中 STATIC_ROOT 目录中的静态文件由Apache或nginx..etc提供。
示例： / static / 或 http://static.example.com/

The URL of which the static files in STATIC_ROOT directory are served(by Apache or nginx..etc). Example: /static/ or http://static.example.com/

如果您设置 STATIC_URL ='http://static.example.com/'，则必须提供 STATIC_ROOT 文件夹（即 / var / www / example.com / static / ），由apache或nginx在url 'http://static.example.com/'（这样您可以引用静态文件'/ var / www / example.com / static / jquery.js'和'http://static.example.com/jquery.js'）

If you set STATIC_URL = 'http://static.example.com/', then you must serve the STATIC_ROOT folder (ie "/var/www/example.com/static/") by apache or nginx at url 'http://static.example.com/'(so that you can refer the static file '/var/www/example.com/static/jquery.js' with 'http://static.example.com/jquery.js')

现在在Django模板中，可以通过以下方式引用它：

Now in your django-templates, you can refer it by:

{% load static %}
<script src="{% static "jquery.js" %}"></script>

它将呈现：

<script src="http://static.example.com/jquery.js"></script>

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