django-内联-搜索现有记录，而不是添加新记录 [英] django - inline - Search for existing record instead of adding a new one

问题描述

我有一个带书架和书籍的图书馆。我将每本书以一对多的关系指向一个书架。如果一本书指向 Null ，则表示该书已在图书馆中，但尚未在书架中。

I have a library with shelves and books. I point each book to one shelf in a one-to-many relationship. If a book is pointing to a Null it means that it's in the library, but not in the shelf yet.

#models.py

class Shelf(models.Model):
    pass

class Book(models.Model):
    shelf = models.ForeignKey(Shelf, blank=True, null=True)

然后：

#admin.py

class BookInLine(admin.TabularInLine):
    model = Book
    extra = 0

class Shelf(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [ BookInLine, ]

编辑书架时，我可以看到和修改该书架中的所有书籍。

When I edit the Shelf I can see and modify all the books that are in that shelf.

问题：

• 图书馆里已经有很多书了（指向 Null ）。


• 如果我从行内单击添加另一本书，它将创建一本全新的书。但我想避免这种情况。我想从图书馆中已经存在但还不属于任何书架的书籍中进行选择。

• I have a lot of books already in the library (pointing to Null).
• If I click 'Add another Book' from the inline it will create a totally new book. But I want to avoid that. I would like to select from the books that are already in the library but doesn't belong to any shelf yet.

推荐答案

您好，以下代码为我工作：

Hi the following code worked for me:

from widgets import ImproveRawIdFieldsForm

class BookInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = Book
    raw_id_fields=('shelf',)
    extra =1
class Shelf(ImproveRawIdFieldsForm):
    inlines = [BookInline,]

它会创建一个管理视图，您可以在其中查看普通的书架内容以及其他内容内联这是一个原始id字段，您可以添加新的关系，并且可以使用放大镜图标从现有对象中进行选择，这会弹出所有现有书籍的列表。除了在弹出窗口中选择一本书外，您还可以在其中创建新书。因此，据我了解，这可以解决您的所有要求

It creates an admin view where you will se the normal Shelf stuff and the additional inline which is a raw id field and you have the posssibility to add new relations and you can chose from existing objects with the "magnifier" icon, which results in a pop-up of a list of all existing books. Besides chose one Book in the pop-up you can also create new Books there. So from my understanding this solves all your requirements

在此说明了针对此问题的更好解决方案：使用django admin进行一对多的内联选择

a better solution for this problem is explained here: one-to-many inline select with django admin

用例：

#models.py
class Book(models.Model):
    shelf = models.ForeignKey(Shelf, blank=True, null=True, related_name="in_shelf")

#admin.py
class ShelfForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Shelf

    books = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(queryset=Book.objects.all())

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ShelfForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        if self.instance:
            if self.instance.in_shelf:
                self.fields['books'].initial = self.instance.in_shelf.all()
            else:
                self.fields['books'].initial = []

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):    
        instance = super(ShelfForm, self).save(commit=False)
        self.fields['books'].initial.update(shelf=None)
        self.cleaned_data['books'].update(shelf=instance)
        return instance

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