如何进入Docker容器的外壳？ [英] How do I get into a Docker container's shell?

问题描述

我开始使用Docker。我正在使用WordPress基本映像和docker-compose。

I'm getting started working with Docker. I'm using the WordPress base image and docker-compose.

我正在尝试将ssh放入一个容器中，以检查在创建过程中创建的文件/目录。初始构建。我试图运行 docker-compose运行containername ls -la ，但是没有做任何事情。即使这样做，我还是希望有一个可以遍历目录结构的控制台，而不是运行单个命令。用Docker完成此操作的正确方法是什么？

I'm trying to ssh into one of the containers to inspect the files/directories that were created during the initial build. I tried to run docker-compose run containername ls -la, but that didn't do anything. Even if it did, I'd rather have a console where I can traverse the directory structure, rather than run a single command. What is the right way to do this with Docker?

推荐答案

docker attach 将允许您连接到Docker容器，但这与 ssh 并不是一回事。例如，如果您的容器正在运行Web服务器，则 docker attach 可能会将您连接到Web服务器进程的 stdout 。

docker attach will let you connect to your Docker container, but this isn't really the same thing as ssh. If your container is running a webserver, for example, docker attach will probably connect you to the stdout of the web server process. It won't necessarily give you a shell.

docker exec 命令可能就是您想要的；这将使您可以在现有容器中运行任意命令。例如：

The docker exec command is probably what you are looking for; this will let you run arbitrary commands inside an existing container. For example:

docker exec -it <mycontainer> bash

当然，您正在运行的任何命令都必须存在于容器文件系统中。

Of course, whatever command you are running must exist in the container filesystem.

在上面的命令中，< mycontainer> 是目标容器的名称或ID。是否使用 docker compose 并不重要；只需运行 docker ps 并使用ID（在第一列中显示一个十六进制字符串）或名称（在最后一列中显示）即可。例如，给定：

In the above command <mycontainer> is the name or ID of the target container. It doesn't matter whether or not you're using docker compose; just run docker ps and use either the ID (a hexadecimal string displayed in the first column) or the name (displayed in the final column). E.g., given:

$ docker ps
d2d4a89aaee9        larsks/mini-httpd   "mini_httpd -d /cont   7 days ago          Up 7 days                               web                 

我可以运行：

$ docker exec -it web ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
18: eth0: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP 
    link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.3/16 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

I可以通过运行来完成相同的事情：

I could accomplish the same thing by running:

$ docker exec -it d2d4a89aaee9 ip addr

类似地，我可以在容器中启动外壳；

Similarly, I could start a shell in the container;

$ docker exec -it web sh
/ # echo This is inside the container.
This is inside the container.
/ # exit
$

这篇关于如何进入Docker容器的外壳？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！