PostgreSQL docker镜像构建错误 [英] PostgreSQL docker image build errors

问题描述

我正在从源代码创建用于Postgresql安装的docker映像。这是我根据 postgresql文档创建的Dockerfile。 ：

I am creating a docker image for postgresql installation from sources. Here is my Dockerfile which I created according to the postgresql documentation:

FROM ubuntu

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install gcc zlib1g-dev libreadline6-dev apt-utils make -y

RUN mkdir -p /tmp/downloads

ADD https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.6/postgresql-9.6.6.tar.gz /tmp/downloads

RUN cd /tmp/downloads && tar -zxf postgresql-9.6.6.tar.gz

RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && make configure
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && ./configure
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && make
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && su
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && make install
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && adduser postgres
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && su postgres
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test
RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test

所以当我运行 docker build -t roksolanad / psql：latest。我收到错误：

So when I run docker build -t roksolanad/psql:latest . I get errors:

initdb: cannot be run as root
Please log in (using, e.g., "su") as the (unprivileged) user that will
own the server process.
The command '/bin/sh -c cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 && /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data' returned a non-zero code: 1

那么我该如何修复Dockerfile？我将非常感谢您的帮助！

So how can I fix my Dockerfile? I would be very grateful for some help!

推荐答案

正如@Harald Nordgren所说，您需要总结所有如果可能，在一个命令中使用RUN命令。

As said by @Harald Nordgren, you need sum up all the RUN commands in one command, if possible.

此外，还有几件事导致失败

1）添加 postgres用户：

1) adding "postgres" user:

adduser期望附加参数在添加用户时进行配置，如您在注释中所提到的，例如询问密码等。因此，您需要修改命令以禁用参数和密码，如下所示：

"adduser" expects the additional parameters to be configured when you add a user, as you have mentioned in the comments like asking for password and so. So you need to modify the command to disable the arguments as well as the password like below:

adduser postgres --gecos '' --disabled-login 

2）使用root用户执行postgress

2) executing postgress using root user

执行命令 su postgres 时，它将以root用户身份执行。但是，尽管我们已更改了上面命令 chown postgres / usr / local / pgsql / data

When you execute the command "su postgres", it executes with root user. But whereas we have changed the permissions in the above command "chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data"

的权限，为此，您需要以 postgres用户身份执行命令，可以通过在dockerfile中添加USER来启用该命令。

For this you need a execute the command as "postgres" user which can be enabled by adding USER in dockerfile.

最后，您的Dockerfile如下所示：

Finally your Dockerfile looks something like this:

FROM ubuntu

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install gcc zlib1g-dev libreadline6-dev apt-utils make -y

RUN mkdir -p /tmp/downloads

ADD https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.6/postgresql-9.6.6.tar.gz /tmp/downloads

RUN cd /tmp/downloads && tar -zxf postgresql-9.6.6.tar.gz

RUN cd /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6 &&\
    make configure &&\
    ./configure &&\
    make &&\
    su &&\
    make install &&\
    adduser postgres --gecos '' --disabled-login &&\
    mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data &&\
    chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data

USER postgres

#use below command only if it is necessary, it is similar to "cd" linux command
WORKDIR /tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6
RUN /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data 

有了这个，我能够创建Docker映像并进行测试。添加更多可能有用的信息。

With this I am able to create a Docker image and tested as well. Adding more information which may be useful.

# docker run -it postgres:2.0 /bin/bash
postgres@8354d83023f9:/tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6$ ps -eaf
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
postgres     1     0  0 10:58 ?        00:00:00 /bin/bash
postgres     9     1  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 ps -eaf


postgres@8354d83023f9:/tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l logfile start
server starting

postgres@8354d83023f9:/tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6$ ps -eaf
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
postgres     1     0  0 10:58 ?        00:00:00 /bin/bash
postgres    13     1  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
postgres    15    13  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process   
postgres    16    13  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 postgres: writer process   
postgres    17    13  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process   
postgres    18    13  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process   
postgres    19    13  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process   
postgres    20     1  0 10:59 ?        00:00:00 ps -eaf


postgres@8354d83023f9:/tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test


postgres@8354d83023f9:/tmp/downloads/postgresql-9.6.6$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test
psql (9.6.6)
Type "help" for help.

test=# 
test=# 

还有其他种方法来构建此docker映像，但我可以这样做。

There are other ways to build this docker image but this way I am able to.

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