Python 3.3：将XML转换为YAML [英] Python 3.3: Convert XML to YAML

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Python 3.3将XML文件转换为YAML。
这是我的代码：

I'm trying to convert XML files to YAML using Python 3.3. This is my code:

#! /etc/python3

test_filename_input = './reference-conversions/wikipedia-example.xml'
test_filename_output = 'wikipedia-example_xml_read-as-binary.yaml'

file_object = open( test_filename_input, 'rb')
data_in = file_object.read()
file_object.close()

from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
document_object = parseString( data_in)

import yaml
stream = open( test_filename_output, 'w')
yaml.dump( document_object, stream)
stream.close()

作为参考，我使用了此处：

<person>
  <firstName>John</firstName>
  <lastName>Smith</lastName>
  <age>25</age>
  <address>
    <streetAddress>21 2nd Street</streetAddress>
    <city>New York</city>
    <state>NY</state>
    <postalCode>10021</postalCode>
  </address>
  <phoneNumbers>
    <phoneNumber type="home">212 555-1234</phoneNumber>
    <phoneNumber type="fax">646 555-4567</phoneNumber>
  </phoneNumbers>
  <gender>
    <type>male</type>
  </gender>
</person>

这应该会导致类似以下情况：

which should result in something like this:

---
  firstName: John
  lastName: Smith
  age: 25
  address: 
        streetAddress: 21 2nd Street
        city: New York
        state: NY
        postalCode: 10021

  phoneNumber: 
        -  
            type: home
            number: 212 555-1234
        -  
            type: fax
            number: 646 555-4567
  gender: 
        type: male

但是，结果是：

&id001 !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minidom.Document
state: !!python/tuple
- implementation: !!python/object:xml.dom.minidom.DOMImplementation {}
- _elem_info: {}
  _id_cache: {}
  _id_search_stack: null
  childNodes: !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minicompat.NodeList
    listitems:
    - &id039 !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minidom.Element
      state: !!python/tuple
      - null
      - _attrs: null
        _attrsNS: null
        childNodes: !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minicompat.NodeList
          listitems:
          - &id045 !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minidom.Text
            state: !!python/tuple
            - null
            - _data: "\n  "
              nextSibling: &id002 !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minidom.Element
                state: !!python/tuple
                - null
                - _attrs: null
                  _attrsNS: null
                  childNodes: !!python/object/new:xml.dom.minicompat.NodeList
                    listitems:
[...]

任何想法，如何让PyYAML过滤掉xml中的对象.dom.minidom或使用xml.dom.minidom的任何替代方法？

Any idea, how to get PyYAML filter out the object-stuff from xml.dom.minidom or any alternative to using xml.dom.minidom?

谢谢！

推荐答案

这是一种增加解决xml.dom的问题，并提供一种方法来映射节点既具有内容又具有属性或子级的模棱两可的情况。对于上面的示例输入，它产生：

Here's an approach that addresses the problems with xml.dom and provides an approach to map the ambiguous situation where a node has both content and attributes or children. For the example input above it yields:

$ python3 yamlout.py person.xml
---
person:
  firstName: John
  lastName: Smith
  age: 25
  address:
    streetAddress: 21 2nd Street
    city: New York
    state: NY
    postalCode: 10021
  phoneNumbers:
    phoneNumber:
      _xml_node_content: 212 555-1234 
      type: home # Attribute
    phoneNumber:
      _xml_node_content: 646 555-4567 
      type: fax # Attribute
  gender:
    type: male

实现yamlout.py：

The implemention, yamlout.py:

import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

if len(sys.argv) != 2:
    sys.stderr.write("Usage: {0} <file>.xml".format(sys.argv[0]))

XML_NODE_CONTENT = '_xml_node_content'
ATTR_COMMENT = '# Attribute'
def yamlout(node, depth=0):
    if not depth:
        sys.stdout.write('---\n')
    # Nodes with both content AND nested nodes or attributes
    # have no valid yaml mapping. Add  'content' node for that case
    nodeattrs = node.attrib
    children = list(node)
    content = node.text.strip() if node.text else ''
    if content:
        if not (nodeattrs or children):
            # Write as just a name value, nothing else nested
            sys.stdout.write(
                '{indent}{tag}: {text}\n'.format(
                    indent=depth*'  ', tag=node.tag, text=content or ''))
            return
        else:
            nodeattrs[XML_NODE_CONTENT] = node.text

    sys.stdout.write('{indent}{tag}:\n'.format(
        indent=depth*'  ', tag=node.tag))

    # Indicate difference node attributes and nested nodes
    depth += 1
    for n,v in nodeattrs.items():
        sys.stdout.write(
            '{indent}{n}: {v} {c}\n'.format(
                indent=depth*'  ', n=n, v=v,
                c=ATTR_COMMENT if n!=XML_NODE_CONTENT else ''))
    # Write nested nodes
    for child in children:
        yamlout(child, depth)

with open(sys.argv[1]) as xmlf:
    tree = ET.parse(xmlf)
    yamlout(tree.getroot())

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