没有名称列时（或应创建名称列时）pivot_wider [英] pivot_wider when there's no names column (or when names column should be created)

问题描述

我正在尝试从长到宽重塑数据，但是在这里我需要创建名称列，例如event1，event2，event3等。换句话说，对于 names_from没有自然的候选人参数。我尝试了几种不同的方法，但无法获得所需的内容-这是一个可重复的示例。

I'm trying to reshape my data from long to wide, but here I need to create names column such as event1, event2, event3, etc. In other words, there's no natural candidate for names_from argument. I've tried a couple of different ways but cannot get what I'm looking for- Here's a reproducible example.

set.seed(57)
df <- data.frame(date = seq.Date(as.Date("2009-01-01"), as.Date("2009-01-12"), by = 1),
                 id = rep(1:3, each = 4),
                 val = rnorm(12)) %>% filter(val > 0.5)

我想将 df 转换为 df2 。

df2 <- data.frame(id = c(1:3),
              event1 = c("2009-01-03", "2009-01-06", "2009-01-10"),
              event2 = c("2009-01-04", "2009-01-07", "2009-01-11"),
              event3 = c(" ", " ", "2009-01-12"))

请注意，此数据集记录了每个id的第一个，第二个和第三个（如果有的话）发生日期。

Note that this data set documents the first, second, and third (if any) occurrence date for each id.

已经尝试使用 names_prefix ，但似乎不起作用。

Here's what I've tried using names_prefix but doesn't seem to work.

set.seed(57)
df <- data.frame(date = seq.Date(as.Date("2009-01-01"), as.Date("2009-01-12"), by = 1),
             id = rep(1:3, each = 4),
             val = rnorm(12)) %>% filter(val > 0.5) %>% 
pivot_wider(names_prefix = "event", names_from = val, values_from = date)

推荐答案

我们可以创建一个新的id列，然后使用 pivot_wider 。

We could create a new id column and then use pivot_wider.

library(dplyr)
df %>%
  group_by(id) %>%
  mutate(row = row_number()) %>%
  select(-val) %>%
  tidyr::pivot_wider(names_from = row, values_from = date, names_prefix = 'event')

#     id event1     event2     event3    
#  <int> <date>     <date>     <date>    
#1     1 2009-01-03 2009-01-04 NA        
#2     2 2009-01-06 2009-01-07 NA        
#3     3 2009-01-10 2009-01-11 2009-01-12

---

使用 data.table ：

library(data.table)
dcast(setDT(df), id~rowid(id), value.var = 'date')

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