Python为os.listdir返回的文件名提供FileNotFoundError [英] Python giving FileNotFoundError for file name returned by os.listdir

问题描述

我试图遍历目录中的文件：

I was trying to iterate over the files in a directory like this:

import os

path = r'E:/somedir'

for filename in os.listdir(path):
    f = open(filename, 'r')
    ... # process the file

但是Python抛出 FileNotFoundError 尽管该文件存在：

But Python was throwing FileNotFoundError even though the file exists:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:/ADMTM/TestT.py", line 6, in <module>
    f = open(filename, 'r')
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'foo.txt'

那么这里出什么问题了？

So what is wrong here?

推荐答案

这是因为 os.listdir 不返回文件的完整路径，仅返回文件名部分；那是'foo.txt'，打开时需要'E：/somedir/foo.txt'，因为文件在当前目录中不存在。

It is because os.listdir does not return the full path to the file, only the filename part; that is 'foo.txt', when open would want 'E:/somedir/foo.txt' because the file does not exist in the current directory.

使用 os.path.join 将目录添加到您的文件名之前：

Use os.path.join to prepend the directory to your filename:

path = r'E:/somedir'

for filename in os.listdir(path):
    with open(os.path.join(path, filename)) as f:
        ... # process the file

（此外，您不会关闭文件； with 块将自动处理该文件）。

(Also, you are not closing the file; the with block will take care of it automatically).

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