如何更新情节事件驱动的? [英] How to update a plot event driven?

问题描述

如何更新驱动的matplotlib绘图事件?

How can I update a matplotlib plot event driven?

背景: 我想编写一个工具，向我显示通过串行端口接收到的测量值. 这些值将由串行连接的设备在具有测量值时发送，而不是在主机请求时发送.

Background: I wanna program a tool that displays me measured values I receive via a serial port. These values will be send by a serial connected device when it has measured values and not when the host requests.

当前状态: 似乎没有办法手动更新绘图. 当我多次调用plot()函数时，将添加新图.与MATLAB或Octave相似，当您使用保持"选项时. 大约10次通话后结束.然后将其冻结. 当我在更新前清除数字时，整个图都消失了. 至少当绘图被嵌入到窗口中时. draw()和show()均未提供补救措施.

Current State: It seems there is no way to update a plot manually. When I call the plot()-function more than one time the new plots will be added. Similar to MATLAB or Octave, when you use the "hold on"-Option. This ends after about 10 calls. Then it is freezed. When I clear the figures before update, the whole plot disappears. At least, when the plot is embedded in a window. Neither draw() nor show() provide a remedy.

当我使用单个绘图时，没有简单的更新方法，因为在调用show()之后，程序流会停留在这一行，直到关闭Window.因此，更新必须在单独的线程中完成.

When I use a single plot figure, there is no easy way to update, because after the call of show(), the program flow sticks at this line, until the Window is closed. So the update has to be done in a separate thread.

当我使用动画时，两个问题都将解决:

Both problems will be solved, when I use an animation:

import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QDockWidget, QVBoxLayout,QTabWidget, QWidget
from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt
from matplotlib import pyplot, animation
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg
from random import randint

a = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QMainWindow()
t = QTabWidget(w)
Tab1 = QWidget()
t.addTab(Tab1, '1st Plot')
t.resize(1280, 300)

x = [1, 2, 3]
Fig1 = pyplot.Figure();
Plot =  Fig1.add_subplot(111);
Plot.plot(x)
Plot.grid();

layout = QVBoxLayout();
layout.addWidget(FigureCanvasQTAgg(Fig1));
Tab1.setLayout(layout);

def UpdateFunction(i):
    x.append(randint(0, 10));
    Plot.clear();
    Plot.plot(x);
    Plot.grid();

Anim = animation.FuncAnimation(Fig1, UpdateFunction, interval=500)

w.showMaximized()
sys.exit(a.exec_())

但是这种动画是时间触发的. 有什么解决方案可以更新触发的事件?

But such an animation is time triggered. Is there any solution to update event triggered?

该事件应该是完成的UART读入.

The event should be a finished UART read in.

非常感谢. 法比安

推荐答案

@tcaswell

@tcaswell

谢谢！

这是我的实际代码:

import sys
from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout,QTabWidget, QWidget
from PyQt4.QtCore import SIGNAL
from matplotlib import pyplot
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg
from random import randint
import time
from threading import Thread

a = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QMainWindow()
t = QTabWidget(w)
Tab1 = QWidget()
t.addTab(Tab1, '1st Plot')
t.resize(1280, 300)

x = [];
x.append(randint(0, 10));
x.append(randint(0, 10));
x.append(randint(0, 10));
Fig1 = pyplot.Figure();
Plot =  Fig1.add_subplot(111);
Line, = Plot.plot(x)
Plot.grid();

layout = QVBoxLayout();
layout.addWidget(FigureCanvasQTAgg(Fig1));
Tab1.setLayout(layout);

def triggerUpdate():
    while True:
        a.emit(SIGNAL('updatePlot()'));
        time.sleep(2);
        print('update triggered!\n')

def updateFunction():
    x.append(randint(0, 10));
    #Plot.clear();
    Line.set_data(range(len(x)), x);
    Fig1.canvas.draw_idle();
    print('update done!\n')

a.connect(a, SIGNAL('updatePlot()'), updateFunction)

t = Thread(target=triggerUpdate);
t.start();
w.showMaximized()

sys.exit(a.exec_())

它似乎正在运行，但是情节的内容没有更新. 剧情没有画布. (尽管它应该有一个，否则我现在不知道它在命令时在绘制什么.)

It seems to run, but the content of the plot gets not updated. The Plot has no canvas. (Although it should have one, otherwise I don't now on what it is plotting when I command it.)

说实话，我还不了解GUI和plot foo的概念.缺少的画布由其育儿图覆盖.我真的不知道如果有图形，什么可以处理多个图，每个图都不应该有自己的画布吗?

To be honest, I did not understand already the concept of the GUI and plot foo. The missing canvas is covered by its parenting figure. I really don't got it. When there is a figure, what can handle more than one plots, should't each plot have its own canvas?

但是我认为这是问题所在.

But I think, here is the problem.

非常感谢.

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