Python字符串作为子流程的文件参数 [英] Python string as file argument to subprocess

问题描述

我正在尝试将文件传递给我作为Python子进程启动的程序(MolPro).

I am trying to pass a file to a program (MolPro) that I start as subprocess with Python.

最常见的是将文件作为参数，例如在控制台中:

It most commonly takes a file as argument, like this in console:

path/molpro filename.ext

其中filename.ex包含要执行的代码.另一种bash脚本(我正在尝试使用Python进行此操作):

Where filename.ex contains the code to execute. Alternatively a bash script (what I'm trying to do but in Python):

#!/usr/bin/env bash
path/molpro << EOF
    # MolPro code
EOF

我正在尝试在Python中完成上述操作.我已经尝试过了:

I'm trying to do the above in Python. I have tried this:

from subprocess import Popen, STDOUT, PIPE
DEVNULL = open('/dev/null', 'w')  # I'm using Python 2 so I can't use subprocess.DEVNULL
StdinCommand = '''
    MolPro code
'''

# Method 1 (stdout will be a file)
Popen(['path/molpro', StdinCommand], shell = False, stdout = None, stderr = STDOUT, stdin = DEVNULL)
# ERROR: more than 1 input file not allowed

# Method 2
p = Popen(['path/molpro', StdinCommand], shell = False, stdout = None, stderr = STDOUT, stdin = PIPE)
p.communicate(input = StdinCommand)
# ERROR: more than 1 input file not allowed

因此，我很确定输入看起来不像文件一样，甚至可以查看

So I am pretty sure the input doesn't look enough like a file, but even looking at Python - How do I pass a string into subprocess.Popen (using the stdin argument)? I can't find what Im doing wrong.

我不愿意:

• 将字符串写入实际文件
• 将shell设置为True
• (而且我无法更改MolPro代码)

非常感谢您的帮助！

更新:如果有人试图做同样的事情，如果您不想等待作业完成(因为它不会返回任何内容)，请改用p.stdin.write(StdinCommand).

推荐答案

如果您从Popen()参数中删除StdinCommand，似乎您的第二种方法应该可以工作:

It seems like your second method should work if you remove StdinCommand from the Popen() arguments:

p = Popen(['/vol/thchem/x86_64-linux/bin/molpro'], shell = False, stdout = None, stderr = STDOUT, stdin = PIPE)
p.communicate(input = StdinCommand)

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