如何从文件获取Unix权限掩码? [英] How can I get the Unix permission mask from a file?

问题描述

如何使用Python在* nix上获得文件的权限掩码，例如644或755?

How can I get a file's permission mask like 644 or 755 on *nix using python?

是否有用于执行此操作的函数或类?非常感谢你！

Is there any function or class for doing that? Thank you very much!

推荐答案

os.stat是

从这里您将了解典型的八进制权限.

From here you'll recognize the typical octal permissions.

S_IRWXU 00700   mask for file owner permissions
S_IRUSR 00400   owner has read permission
S_IWUSR 00200   owner has write permission
S_IXUSR 00100   owner has execute permission
S_IRWXG 00070   mask for group permissions
S_IRGRP 00040   group has read permission
S_IWGRP 00020   group has write permission
S_IXGRP 00010   group has execute permission
S_IRWXO 00007   mask for permissions for others (not in group)
S_IROTH 00004   others have read permission
S_IWOTH 00002   others have write permission
S_IXOTH 00001   others have execute permission

您实际上只对较低的 bits 感兴趣，因此您可以将其余部分砍掉:

You are really only interested in the lower bits, so you could chop off the rest:

>>> oct(os.stat("test.txt")[ST_MODE])[-3:]
'644'
>>> # or better
>>> oct(os.stat("test.txt").st_mode & 0o777)

---

边注:上半部分确定文件类型，例如:

---

Sidenote: the upper parts determine the filetype, e.g.:

S_IFMT  0170000 bitmask for the file type bitfields
S_IFSOCK    0140000 socket
S_IFLNK 0120000 symbolic link
S_IFREG 0100000 regular file
S_IFBLK 0060000 block device
S_IFDIR 0040000 directory
S_IFCHR 0020000 character device
S_IFIFO 0010000 FIFO
S_ISUID 0004000 set UID bit
S_ISGID 0002000 set-group-ID bit (see below)
S_ISVTX 0001000 sticky bit (see below)

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