与静态库链接的共享库:重定位错误 [英] Shared library linked with static library: relocation error

问题描述

出于可移植性的原因，我想使用gfortran创建一个共享库，并将其与libgfortran的静态版本链接.不幸的是，我无法适当地链接不同的对象.我已经找到了一些解决类似问题的帖子，但是我不知道如何解决该问题.

我的源文件都使用-fPIC标志进行编译.当我尝试用标志-shared和-static-libgfortran链接对象时，出现以下错误消息:

gfortran -shared -static-libgfortran file1.o file2.o file3.o -o "mynewlib.so"
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib64/libgfortran.a(error.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
../lib64/libgfortran.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我使用的是gfortran 4.6.3，该服务器是我从头开始编译的.安装运行顺利，我没有更改标准配置.我在旧帖子中发现应该使用--with-pic配置编译器，但是 GCC手册.

问题是来自编译器还是我尝试链接不同对象的方式?知道我该如何解决吗?

非常感谢您的帮助！

解决方案

使用静态版本时，libgfortran不会使用-fPIC标志进行编译(因此它不包含位置独立代码). /p>

因此，您不能将libfgortran(静态)链接到共享对象.

我建议您正确打包库(例如，将其作为Debian或Ubuntu的.deb文件)，并将gfortran添加到软件包的依赖项中.

I would like to create a shared library with gfortran, linking it with the static version of libgfortran for portability reasons. Unfortunately, I don't manage to link the different objects appropriately. I have already found some posts addressing a similar issue, but I could not figure out how to fix the problem.

My source files are all compiled with the -fPIC flag. When I try to link the objects with the flags -shared and -static-libgfortran, I get the following error message:

gfortran -shared -static-libgfortran file1.o file2.o file3.o -o "mynewlib.so"
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib64/libgfortran.a(error.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
../lib64/libgfortran.a: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

I am using gfortran 4.6.3, that I compiled from scratch on my server. The installation ran smoothly and I did not change the standard configuration. I found on old posts that the compiler should be configured with --with-pic, but this flag is not mentioned in the GCC manual.

Does the problem come from the compiler or from the way I am trying to link the different objects? Any idea how I can fix this?

Thank you very much in advance for your help!

解决方案

The libgfortran, when you use the static version, is not compiled with the -fPIC flag (so it does not contain position indenpendent code).

Hence you cannot link libfgortran (statically) to your shared object.

I suggest you to package your library properly (e.g. as a .deb file for Debian or Ubuntu) and to add gfortran to the dependencies of your package.

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