将静态(.a)库与共享(.so)库链接，针对本地符号获取错误“重定位 R_X86_64_32S"；用 -fPIC"重新编译 [英] linking a static(.a) library with a shared (.so) library, getting error "relocation R_X86_64_32S against a local symbol; recompile with -fPIC"

问题描述

使用 eclipse 在 redhat 中用 g++ 64 位编译.

Compiling with g++ 64 bit in redhat using eclipse.

编译错误:../lib-EL5-64bit/libskd3_clnt_30134500.a(skd_clnt.o):制作共享对象时不能使用针对本地符号"的重定位R_X86_64_32S；用 -fPIC 重新编译

Compile Error: ../lib-EL5-64bit/libskd3_clnt_30134500.a(skd_clnt.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S against `a local symbol' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC

我尝试过的事情我将 -fPIC 添加到 C++ 编译器标志以及链接器标志中.它已经存在于编译器标志中，我只是将它直接移到 g++ 之后，以及列表的末尾.

Things I have tried I added -fPIC to both the c++ compiler flags, as well as the linker flags. It already existed in the compiler flags, i just moved it to directly after the g++, and at the end of the list.

我已经要求 .a 库的创建者使用 -fPIC 重新编译，但它仍然给出相同的错误

I've asked the creator of the .a library to recompile with -fPIC and it still gives the same error

有什么方法可以确保他们的库是用 -fPIC 编译的?错误消息是说我需要用 -fPIC 编译我的 .so，还是需要用 -fPIC 编译 .a 文件?我还能检查什么?

Is there any way to make sure that their library was compiled with -fPIC? Does the error message say that I need to compile my .so with -fPIC, or the .a file needs to be compiled with -fPIC? What else can I check?

这里是make文件(由eclipse自动生成)

Here is the make file (auto generated by eclipse)

制作文件:

################################################################################
# Automatically-generated file. Do not edit!
################################################################################

-include ../makefile.init

RM := rm -rf

# All of the sources participating in the build are defined here
-include sources.mk
-include subdir.mk
-include generic_d2s/subdir.mk
-include objects.mk

ifneq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),clean)
ifneq ($(strip $(C++_DEPS)),)
-include $(C++_DEPS)
endif
ifneq ($(strip $(C_DEPS)),)
-include $(C_DEPS)
endif
ifneq ($(strip $(CC_DEPS)),)
-include $(CC_DEPS)
endif
ifneq ($(strip $(CPP_DEPS)),)
-include $(CPP_DEPS)
endif
ifneq ($(strip $(CXX_DEPS)),)
-include $(CXX_DEPS)
endif
ifneq ($(strip $(C_UPPER_DEPS)),)
-include $(C_UPPER_DEPS)
endif
endif

-include ../makefile.defs

# Add inputs and outputs from these tool invocations to the build variables 

# All Target
all: libFUSE.so

# Tool invocations
libFUSE.so: $(OBJS) $(USER_OBJS)
    @echo 'Building target: $@'
    @echo 'Invoking: GCC C++ Linker'
    g++ -fPIC -L../../CRYPTOPP/lib-EL5-64bit -L../lib-EL5-64bit -Wl,-rpath /lib -shared -o"libFUSE.so" $(OBJS) $(USER_OBJS) $(LIBS)
    @echo 'Finished building target: $@'
    @echo ' '

# Other Targets
clean:
    -$(RM) $(OBJS)$(C++_DEPS)$(C_DEPS)$(CC_DEPS)$(LIBRARIES)$(CPP_DEPS)$(CXX_DEPS)$(C_UPPER_DEPS) libFUSE.so
    -@echo ' '

.PHONY: all clean dependents
.SECONDARY:

-include ../makefile.targets

子目录.mk

################################################################################
# Automatically-generated file. Do not edit!
################################################################################

# Add inputs and outputs from these tool invocations to the build variables 
CPP_SRCS += 
../CRI.cpp 


C_SRCS += 
../client_rsa.c 

OBJS += 
./CRI.o 


C_DEPS += 
./client_rsa.d 

CPP_DEPS += 
./CRI.d 


# Each subdirectory must supply rules for building sources it contributes
%.o: ../%.cpp
    @echo 'Building file: $<'
    @echo 'Invoking: GCC C++ Compiler'
    g++ -D_TM_CDIR='"/proj/kronos/test/hho/testprograms/trunk/testmethods/FUSE"' -I../../CRYPTOPP/include/cryptopp -I"/opt/hp93000/soc/pws/lib" -I"/opt/hp93000/soc/com/include" -I/opt/hp93000/soc/prod_com/include -I/opt/hp93000/soc/prod_com/include/MAPI -I/opt/hp93000/soc/testmethod/include -O0 -g3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -shared -fPIC  -Wreturn-type -Wmissing-braces -Wparentheses -Wswitch -Wunused-function -Wunused-label -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-variable -Wunused-value -Wunknown-pragmas -Wsign-compare -Wconversion -fPIC -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)" -MT"$(@:%.o=%.d)" -o"$@" "$<"
    @echo 'Finished building: $<'
    @echo ' '

%.o: ../%.c
    @echo 'Building file: $<'
    @echo 'Invoking: GCC C Compiler'
    gcc -D_TM_CDIR='"/proj/kronos/test/hho/testprograms/trunk/testmethods/FUSE"' -I/opt/hp93000/soc/prod_com/include -I/opt/hp93000/soc/prod_com/include/MAPI -I/opt/hp93000/soc/testmethod/include -I/opt/hp93000/soc/com/include -I/opt/hp93000/soc/pws/lib -O0 -g3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -fPIC  -Wreturn-type -Wmissing-braces -Wparentheses -Wswitch -Wunused-function -Wunused-label -Wunused-parameter -Wunused-variable -Wunused-value -Wunknown-pragmas -Wsign-compare -Wconversion -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)" -MT"$(@:%.o=%.d)" -o"$@" "$<"
    @echo 'Finished building: $<'
    @echo ' '

objects.mk

################################################################################
# Automatically-generated file. Do not edit!
################################################################################

USER_OBJS :=

LIBS := -lBB_IO_lib.0.1 -lskd3_clnt_30134500 -lcryptopp

sources.mk

################################################################################
# Automatically-generated file. Do not edit!
################################################################################

O_SRCS := 
CPP_SRCS := 
C_UPPER_SRCS := 
C_SRCS := 
S_UPPER_SRCS := 
OBJ_SRCS := 
ASM_SRCS := 
CXX_SRCS := 
C++_SRCS := 
CC_SRCS := 
OBJS := 
C++_DEPS := 
C_DEPS := 
CC_DEPS := 
LIBRARIES := 
CPP_DEPS := 
CXX_DEPS := 
C_UPPER_DEPS := 

# Every subdirectory with source files must be described here
SUBDIRS := 
. 
generic_d2s 

推荐答案

当您进行静态编译时，汇编器指令将假定有关代码局部性的某些事情，例如任何跳转都在跳转/调用指令的 4GB 以内.(假设 64b x86).共享库可能加载到超过 4GB 的地方，因此跳转/调用不适合.

When you compile statically, the assembler instructions will assume certain things about the locality of code, e.g. any jump is within 4GB of the jumping/calling instruction. (Assuming 64b x86). Shared libraries may be loaded further away than 4GB, so that jump/call wont fit.

当您使用 -fPIC(位置无关代码)编译时 - 编译器将确保代码和本地数据引用位置无关，并安排在最坏情况/最大寻址模式下发生的调用/跳转完整的 64b).

When you compile with -fPIC (position independent code) - the compiler will ensure that the code and local data references are position indepdent, and arrange for calls/jumps outside of itself happen with the worst case/maximum addressing mode (eg full 64b).

当您收到此错误时，如您所见，静态库无法跳转到共享库 - 采取了上述快捷方式.唯一的解决方案是使用 -fPIC 重新编译.(从技术上讲，32 位跳转可能只有 5 个字节，但您需要 9 个字节 [1 个操作码 + 8 个用于 addr]；因此，没有多少汇编器的聪明才智可以解决这个问题 - 不是没有其他一些卑鄙的操作，例如使用 INT 指令提供短手跳跃).

When you get this error, as you have, the static library cannot jump to the shared library - the shortcuts above were taken. The only solution is a recompile with -fPIC. (Technically, the 32-bit jump may only be 5 bytes but you need 9 bytes [1 opcode + 8 for the addr]; so no amount of assembler cleverness can work around this - not without some other dastardly operation, like using INT instructions to provide a short hand jump).

如今，大多数东西都可以/应该使用 -fPIC 进行编译，无论是否共享 - 除非性能很重要.

Nowadays most everything can/should be compiled with -fPIC irrespective of being shared - unless performance is important.

这篇关于将静态(.a)库与共享(.so)库链接，针对本地符号获取错误“重定位 R_X86_64_32S"；用 -fPIC"重新编译的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！