处理时间和日期的更简单方法? [英] Simpler way to deal with Time and Date?

问题描述

因此，我正在尝试学习Haskell，因此，如果已经提出此要求，我们感到很抱歉，但是我找不到能正确回答我的疑问的问题.

So I am trying to learn Haskell, so I am sorry if this has already been asked, but I could not find a question that properly answered my doubts.

所以给我的问题是UTCTime什么是获得以下内容的最简单直接的方法:

So my question is given UTCTime what is the easiest and straightforward way of getting the following:

• 年份
• 月
• 周
• 日期(例如:24)
• 日期(例如:星期一)
• 小时
• 分钟
• 第二

还有一种简便的方法，可以仅使用Asia/Tokyo或类似的字符串将UTCTime转换为本地时间.

Also if there is convenient way of converting UTCTime to some local time using just Asia/Tokyo or similar strings.

我找不到提供所有这些功能的单个库，并且感到困惑，很坦白地说，我需要在不同类型之间进行转换并使用多个库来实现上述目标.也许我看起来不太正常.

I couldn't find a single library that gave all of these features and got confused and to be quite honest irritated that I need to convert between different types and use multiple libraries to achieve the above. Maybe I was not looking properly.

到目前为止，我的努力:

My effort so far:

import Data.Time

-- Difference between JST and UTC in seconds
-- JST is 9 hours ahead of UTC
utcJSTDiff :: Int
utcJSTDiff = 32400

getHour :: UTCTime -> Int
getHour time = todHour (timeToTimeOfDay (utctDayTime time))

getMinutes :: UTCTime -> Int
getMinutes time = todMin (timeToTimeOfDay (utctDayTime time))

isReminderHour :: Int -> Bool
isReminderHour hour
    | hour == morningReminderHour || hour == eveningReminderHour = True
    | otherwise = False

isReminderMins :: Int -> Bool
isReminderMins mins
    | mins <= reminderMinuteLimit = True
    | otherwise = False

timeforReminder :: UTCTime -> Bool
timeforReminder time
    | isReminderHour (getHour time) && isReminderMins (getMinutes time) = True
    | otherwise = False

utcToJST :: UTCTime -> UTCTime
utcToJST = addUTCTime (realToFrac utcJSTDiff)

main :: IO()
main = do
    currentTime <- getCurrentTime
    let jstTime = utcToJST currentTime
    if timeforReminder jstTime
        then action1
        else action2

推荐答案

固定为使用timezone-olson/timezone-series进行正确的时区处理.

Fixed to use timezone-olson / timezone-series for correct timezone processing.

您应该能够使用time软件包执行几乎所有操作，只是在Linux系统上正确的时区处理将需要timezone-olson和timezone-series软件包；我不确定如何在Windows系统上执行此操作.也许其他人有更好的方法.

You should be able to do almost everything with the time package, except that proper timezone processing will require timezone-olson and timezone-series packages on Linux systems; I'm not sure how to do it on Windows systems. Maybe someone else has a better way.

代码如下:

module Time where

import Data.Time                             -- package "time"
import Data.Time.Calendar.WeekDate           -- package "time"
import Data.Time.LocalTime.TimeZone.Olson    -- package "timezone-olson"
import Data.Time.LocalTime.TimeZone.Series   -- package "timezone-series"

-- |POSIX-specific timezone lookup
lookupTimeZone :: String -> IO TimeZoneSeries
lookupTimeZone tz =
  getTimeZoneSeriesFromOlsonFile ("/usr/share/zoneinfo/" ++ tz)

data MyTime = MyTime
  { year :: Integer
  , month :: Int
  , week :: Int
  , dayOfMonth :: Int
  , dayOfWeek :: Int
  , hour :: Int
  , minutes :: Int
  , seconds :: Int
  } deriving (Show)

getMyTime :: TimeZoneSeries -> UTCTime -> MyTime
getMyTime tz t =
  let LocalTime day (TimeOfDay hh mm ss) = utcToLocalTime' tz t
      (yr, mn, dom) = toGregorian day
      (_,  wk, dow) = toWeekDate day
  in MyTime yr mn wk dom dow hh mm (round ss)

main :: IO ()
main = do
  currentTime <- getCurrentTime
  -- Note: if you want time in local timezone, use:
  -- tz <- getTimeZoneSeriesFromOlsonFile "/etc/localtime"
  tz <- lookupTimeZone "Asia/Tokyo"
  print $ getMyTime tz currentTime

一些注意事项:

• lookupTimeZone如果在/usr/share/zoneinfo/your/timezone
找不到时区文件，将引发异常.
• 如果用周"表示一年中的某周"，则可能要查阅toWeekDate的文档，以准确了解其定义.
• 如果要以字符串格式表示月份或天数，则可以使用Data.Time.Format中的函数(仍在time包中)以当前(或某些其他)语言环境格式化它们.

• lookupTimeZone will throw an exception if it can't find the timezone file at /usr/share/zoneinfo/your/timezone
• If by "week", you meant "week of the year", you may want to consult the documentation for toWeekDate to see exactly how that's defined.
• If you want months or days in string format, you can use the functions in Data.Time.Format (still in the time package) to format them in the current (or some other) locale.

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