带有Python'请求'模块的代理 [英] Proxies with Python 'Requests' module

问题描述

关于优秀的请求模块的简短说明Python.

Just a short, simple one about the excellent Requests module for Python.

我似乎无法在文档中找到变量代理"应包含的内容.当我发送带有标准"IP:PORT"值的字典时，它拒绝要求2个值. 所以，我猜(因为文档中似乎没有涵盖)，第一个值是ip，第二个值是端口?

I can't seem to find in the documentation what the variable 'proxies' should contain. When I send it a dict with a standard "IP:PORT" value it rejected it asking for 2 values. So, I guess (because this doesn't seem to be covered in the docs) that the first value is the ip and the second the port?

文档仅提及以下内容:

代理-(可选)字典到代理URL的映射协议.

proxies – (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.

所以我尝试了这个……我应该怎么做?

So I tried this... what should I be doing?

proxy = { ip: port}

在将它们放入字典之前，我应该将它们转换为某种类型吗?

and should I convert these to some type before putting them in the dict?

r = requests.get(url,headers=headers,proxies=proxy)

推荐答案

proxies'dict语法为{"protocol":"ip:port", ...}.使用它，您可以使用 http ， https 和 ftp 协议为请求指定不同(或相同)的代理:

The proxies' dict syntax is {"protocol":"ip:port", ...}. With it you can specify different (or the same) proxie(s) for requests using http, https, and ftp protocols:

http_proxy  = "http://10.10.1.10:3128"
https_proxy = "https://10.10.1.11:1080"
ftp_proxy   = "ftp://10.10.1.10:3128"

proxyDict = { 
              "http"  : http_proxy, 
              "https" : https_proxy, 
              "ftp"   : ftp_proxy
            }

r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxyDict)

从 requests文档推导出来:

Deduced from the requests documentation:

参数:
method –新Request对象的方法.
url –新Request对象的URL.
...
proxies –(可选)将字典映射 协议映射到代理的 URL .
...

Parameters:
method – method for the new Request object.
url – URL for the new Request object.
...
proxies – (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
...

---

在Linux上，您还可以通过HTTP_PROXY，HTTPS_PROXY和FTP_PROXY环境变量来执行此操作:

---

On linux you can also do this via the HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY, and FTP_PROXY environment variables:

export HTTP_PROXY=10.10.1.10:3128
export HTTPS_PROXY=10.10.1.11:1080
export FTP_PROXY=10.10.1.10:3128

在Windows上:

set http_proxy=10.10.1.10:3128
set https_proxy=10.10.1.11:1080
set ftp_proxy=10.10.1.10:3128

---

谢谢杰伊指出:
语法随请求2.0.0 进行了更改.
您需要将架构添加到url: https://2.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/advanced/#proxies

---

Thanks, Jay for pointing this out:
The syntax changed with requests 2.0.0.
You'll need to add a schema to the url: https://2.python-requests.org/en/latest/user/advanced/#proxies

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