Python 套接字模块.连接到 HTTP 代理，然后对外部资源执行 GET 请求 [英] Python socket module. Connecting to an HTTP proxy then performing a GET request on an external resource

问题描述

首先，我知道还有其他模块(例如请求)更适合且更易于使用，但我想使用套接字模块来更好地理解 HTTP.

To begin with, I understand there are other modules such as Requests that would be better suited and simpler to use, but I want to use the socket module to better understand HTTP.

我有一个执行以下操作的简单脚本:

I have a simple script that does the following:

客户端 ---> HTTP 代理 ---> 外部资源 (GET Google.com)

Client ---> HTTP Proxy ---> External Resource (GET Google.com)

我可以正常连接到 HTTP 代理，但是当我将 google.com 的 GET 请求标头发送到代理时，它根本没有为我提供任何响应.

I am able to connect to the HTTP proxy alright, but when I send the GET request headers for google.com to the proxy, it doesn't serve me any response at all.

#!/usr/bin/python
import socket
import sys



headers = """GET / HTTP/1.1

Host: google.com

"""



socket = socket

host = "165.139.179.225" #proxy server IP
port = 8080              #proxy server port

try:
    s = socket.socket()
    s.connect((host,port))
    s.send(("CONNECT {0}:{1} HTTP/1.1
" + "Host: {2}:    {3}

").format(socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()),1000,port,host))
    print s.recv(1096)
    s.send(headers)
    response = s.recv(1096)
   print response
   s.close()
except socket.error,m:
   print str(m)
   s.close()
   sys.exit(1)

推荐答案

要向代理发出 HTTP 请求，请打开与代理服务器的连接，然后发送 HTTP 代理请求.此请求与普通 HTTP 请求基本相同，但包含绝对 URL 而不是相对 URL，例如

To make a HTTP request to a proxy open a connection to the proxy server and then send a HTTP-proxy request. This request is mostly the same as the normal HTTP request, but contains the absolute URL instead of the relative URL, e.g.

 > GET http://www.google.com HTTP/1.1
 > Host: www.google.com
 > ...

 < HTTP response

要使 HTTPS 请求使用 CONNECT 方法打开隧道，然后在该隧道内正常进行，即进行 SSL 握手，然后在隧道内进行正常的非代理请求，例如

To make a HTTPS request open a tunnel using the CONNECT method and then proceed inside this tunnel normally, that is do the SSL handshake and then a normal non-proxy request inside the tunnel, e.g.

 > CONNECT www.google.com:443 HTTP/1.1
 >
 < .. read response to CONNECT request, must be 200 ...

 .. establish the TLS connection inside the tunnel

 > GET / HTTP/1.1
 > Host: www.google.com

这篇关于Python 套接字模块.连接到 HTTP 代理，然后对外部资源执行 GET 请求的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！