我无法使用请求登录Instagram [英] I can't login to Instagram with Requests

问题描述

我一直在尝试使用Requests库登录Instagram，但是我无法使它正常工作.连接总是被拒绝.

import requests

#Creating URL, usr/pass and user agent variables

BASE_URL = 'https://www.instagram.com/'
LOGIN_URL = BASE_URL + 'accounts/login/ajax/'
USERNAME = '******'
PASSWD = '******'
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)\
 Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36'

#Setting some headers and refers
session = requests.Session()
session.headers = {'user-agent': USER_AGENT}
session.headers.update({'Referer': BASE_URL})


try:
    #Requesting the base url. Grabbing and inserting the csrftoken

    req = session.get(BASE_URL)
    session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': req.cookies['csrftoken']})
    login_data = {'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWD}

    #Finally login in
    login = session.post(LOGIN_URL, data=login_data, allow_redirects=True)
    session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': login.cookies['csrftoken']})

    cookies = login.cookies

    #Print the html results after I've logged in
    print(login.text)

#In case of refused connection
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
    print("Connection refused")

我不知道我在做什么错.如果有人发布任何解决方案，我将不胜感激.请不要建议 API或Selenium (目前我不可以选择它们)

解决方案

由于请求未执行JavaScript，因此您的cookie中没有CSRFToken.

如果您查看内容，则可以在html中找到csrf_token.

使用bs4和json，您可以将其提取并在帖子中使用.

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json, random, re, requests

BASE_URL = 'https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/'
LOGIN_URL = BASE_URL + 'ajax/'

headers_list = [
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:41.0) Gecko/20100101"\
        " Firefox/41.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_2)"\
        " AppleWebKit/601.3.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/9.0.2"\
        " Safari/601.3.9",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:15.0)"\
        " Gecko/20100101 Firefox/15.0.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"\
        " (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36"\
        " Edge/12.246"
        ]


USERNAME = '****'
PASSWD = '*****'
USER_AGENT = headers_list[random.randrange(0,4)]

session = requests.Session()
session.headers = {'user-agent': USER_AGENT}
session.headers.update({'Referer': BASE_URL})    
req = session.get(BASE_URL)    
soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, 'html.parser')    
body = soup.find('body')

pattern = re.compile('window._sharedData')
script = body.find("script", text=pattern)

script = script.get_text().replace('window._sharedData = ', '')[:-1]
data = json.loads(script)

csrf = data['config'].get('csrf_token')
login_data = {'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWD}
session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': csrf})
login = session.post(LOGIN_URL, data=login_data, allow_redirects=True)
login.content
# b'{"authenticated": true, "user": true, "userId": "*******", "oneTapPrompt": false, "status": "ok"}'

请记住，instagram中的大多数数据都已加载了javascript，因此将来可能会遇到更多麻烦.

您可以参考这篇文章，了解如何恢复数据: https://stackoverflow.com/a/49831347

或者您可以使用Dryscrape或Spynner等其他库

I've been trying to login to Instagram using the Requests library but I can't get it to work. The connection always get refused.

import requests

#Creating URL, usr/pass and user agent variables

BASE_URL = 'https://www.instagram.com/'
LOGIN_URL = BASE_URL + 'accounts/login/ajax/'
USERNAME = '******'
PASSWD = '******'
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)\
 Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36'

#Setting some headers and refers
session = requests.Session()
session.headers = {'user-agent': USER_AGENT}
session.headers.update({'Referer': BASE_URL})


try:
    #Requesting the base url. Grabbing and inserting the csrftoken

    req = session.get(BASE_URL)
    session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': req.cookies['csrftoken']})
    login_data = {'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWD}

    #Finally login in
    login = session.post(LOGIN_URL, data=login_data, allow_redirects=True)
    session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': login.cookies['csrftoken']})

    cookies = login.cookies

    #Print the html results after I've logged in
    print(login.text)

#In case of refused connection
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
    print("Connection refused")

I don't know what I'm doing wrong. I would really appreciate if anyone posted any solutions. Please do not suggest API or Selenium(They're not an option for me at the moment)

解决方案

Since requests doesn't execute JavaScript's you don't have the CSRFToken in your cookies.

If you have a look at the content you can find the csrf_token inside the html.

Using bs4 and json you can extract it and use it in your post.

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json, random, re, requests

BASE_URL = 'https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/'
LOGIN_URL = BASE_URL + 'ajax/'

headers_list = [
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:41.0) Gecko/20100101"\
        " Firefox/41.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_2)"\
        " AppleWebKit/601.3.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/9.0.2"\
        " Safari/601.3.9",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:15.0)"\
        " Gecko/20100101 Firefox/15.0.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36"\
        " (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36"\
        " Edge/12.246"
        ]


USERNAME = '****'
PASSWD = '*****'
USER_AGENT = headers_list[random.randrange(0,4)]

session = requests.Session()
session.headers = {'user-agent': USER_AGENT}
session.headers.update({'Referer': BASE_URL})    
req = session.get(BASE_URL)    
soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, 'html.parser')    
body = soup.find('body')

pattern = re.compile('window._sharedData')
script = body.find("script", text=pattern)

script = script.get_text().replace('window._sharedData = ', '')[:-1]
data = json.loads(script)

csrf = data['config'].get('csrf_token')
login_data = {'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWD}
session.headers.update({'X-CSRFToken': csrf})
login = session.post(LOGIN_URL, data=login_data, allow_redirects=True)
login.content
# b'{"authenticated": true, "user": true, "userId": "*******", "oneTapPrompt": false, "status": "ok"}'

Have in mind that most of the data in instagram it's loaded with javascript, so you may have more troubles in future.

You can refer to this post on how to recover data : https://stackoverflow.com/a/49831347

Or you can use different library like dryscrape or spynner

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