什么是代理？这是什么在Apache的？它有许多不同的含义？ [英] What is a proxy? What is it in Apache? Does it have many different meanings?

问题描述

据无关的文件描述符。它是某种形式的不同协议之间的连接？是否存在更多的这样呢？反向-proxy？直接-proxy？间接-proxy？并不代理意味着3层，7层或不同层在OSI参考模型？如果你有NAT，你有3层，7层根据维基百科的这里。维基百科继续因为NAT在第3层工作，它是不太资源密集型比第7层代理，也不太灵活的 - 有别样的做代理的方式：

所以，现在一个非常愚蠢的问题irrogant 什么是Apache的代理？

其他无知提出的问题，我试着去了解更深层次的代理

  

  

1. <一个href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12397242/explain-apache-mod-proxy-module-is-it-overused-and-many-times-a-red-herring-w\">Explain Apache的mod代理-module，是过度使用和多次红鲱鱼？何时使用？


  

2. <一个href=\"http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12397005/explain-couchdbs-serving-of-websites-is-couchdb-bundled-somehow-with-apache-an\">Explain网站CouchDB的份量，是CouchDB的使用Apache捆绑不知何故，它是如何工作的？


  

解决方案

Apache是​​一个7层代理（据OSI而言），它不使用网络地址转换或任何类型的包分割的/改写。它接收到一个请求，并基于某些规则/配置，使得代表客户端的请求。 Apache可以充当正向代理和/或反向代理。在上面你的图片，阿帕奇将上是红色的斑点运行。

• 在第一个图像，阿帕奇将作为一个反向代理，它接收来自互联网的HTTP请求，代理其在内部的特定位置。




• 在第二图像，阿帕奇充当转发代理。本地用户都在使用它要求在互联网上的任何东西（规则/配置之内）。




• 在反向代理，对特定资源的请求被接收，例如 http://my.homepage.com/ ，和apache，知道的内容内部实际上是位于 http://192.168.2.45/ my.homepage / ，代理请求到内部位置。




• 在转发代理，在一个LAN请求 http://www.google.com/ 一个用户，浏览器或操作系统知道代理请求到本地代理服务器（Apache，红色斑点图像中）和Apache然后使代表用户请求访问www.google.com。

It has nothing to do file-descriptors. Is it some sort of connection between different protocols? Does there exist more like that? Reverse -proxy? Direct -proxy? Indirect -proxy? Does proxy mean 3-layer, 7-layer or different layer in OSI reference model? If you have NAT, you have 3-layer while 7-layer is the common proxy according to Wikipedia here. The Wikipedia continues "Because NAT operates at layer-3, it is less resource-intensive than the layer-7 proxy, but also less flexible" -- there are different kind of ways of doing the proxy:

So now a very stupid and irrogant question "What is a proxy in Apache?"

Other ignorant Questions by which I try to understand the proxies deeper

1. Explain Apache Mod-proxy -module, is it overused and many times a red-herring? When to use it?

2. Explain CouchDB's serving of websites, is CouchDB bundled somehow with Apache and how does it work?

解决方案

Apache is a layer-7 proxy (as far as OSI is concerned), it doesn't use network address translation or any type of packet mangling/rewriting. It receives a request and based on some rules/configuration, makes a request on behalf of the client. Apache can act as a forward proxy and/or reverse proxy. In your images above, apache would be running on the blob that is red.

• In the first image, apache would be acting as a reverse proxy, it receives an HTTP request from the internet, and proxies it to a specific place internally.

• In the second image, apache acts as a forward proxy. Local users are using it to request anything on the internet (within the rules/config).

• In a reverse proxy, a request for a specific resource is received, e.g. http://my.homepage.com/, and apache, knowing that the content is actually internally located at http://192.168.2.45/my.homepage/, proxies the request to the internal location.

• In a forward proxy, a user on a LAN requests http://www.google.com/, and either the browser or OS knows to proxy the request to a local proxy server (apache, the red blob in the image), and apache then makes the request to www.google.com on the user's behalf.

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